Chitosan: A Potential Biopolymer in Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Chitosan, a biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide derived from chitin, has surfaced as a material of promise for drug delivery and biomedical applications. Different chitin and chitosan extraction techniques can produce materials with unique properties, which can be further modified to enhance their bioactivities. Chitosan-based drug delivery systems have been developed for various routes of administration, including oral, ophthalmic, transdermal, nasal, and vaginal, allowing for targeted and sustained release of drugs. Additionally, chitosan has been used in numerous biomedical applications, such as bone regeneration, cartilage tissue regeneration, cardiac tissue regeneration, corneal regeneration, periodontal tissue regeneration, and wound healing. Moreover, chitosan has also been utilized in gene delivery, bioimaging, vaccination, and cosmeceutical applications. Modified chitosan derivatives have been developed to improve their biocompatibility and enhance their properties, resulting in innovative materials with promising potentials in various biomedical applications. This article summarizes the recent findings on chitosan and its application in drug delivery and biomedical science.

Preparation of new nanofiber conducting scaffold-based polyaniline and polypyrrole grafted on chitosan with antibacterial properties

“…Their control can determine the nal properties of the copolymer and cover wide aspects of different applications. Percentage of grafting in graft copolymer was measured by three methods: (a) the integration of the area under the peak; (b) by gravimetry and (c) by measurement of N% in copolymer [12,13].…”

“…9 Chitosan (Cs) also has antibacterial properties and is widely used in polymer scaffolds. 10 These polymers are biocompatible and degrade gradually in biological environments, and this makes these compounds suitable for antibacterial gels, 11 smart drug delivery 12 and bone repair. 13 The molecular structure of Cs and its scaffolds is weak and has less resistance in food and biological environments.…”

Chitosan-Based Composites: Development and Perspective in Food Preservation and Biomedical Applications

“…Therefore, chitosan has been combined with other biopolymers, including chitin, silk, and polycaprolactone, as well as bioactive nanoceramics like hydroxyapatite and zirconia, to generate bio-composites, which have been used by researchers to overcome these constraints [159,160]. These biocomposites are more suitable for bone tissue engineering applications because they have increased mechanical strength and structural integrity [161]. A dual network hydrogel for articular cartilage regeneration was created by Liu et al using thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin.…”

Optimization of the Redox-Sensitive Doxorubicin Loaded Chitosan-based Nanoparticles by Box–Behnken Experimental Design

“…Cs is a polysaccharide derived from the deacetylation of chitin, which is commonly employed in drug delivery design. Cs is composed of repeating units of β-(1-4) N-acetyl glucosamine and D-glucosamine with free amine groups that induce a positive charge in Cs at the physiological pH [8]. Because Cs has some fundamental properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and nonimmunogenicity as well as antimicrobial and pharmaceutical features, it is considered an appropriate mechanism for nanocarrier synthesis [9].…”