Chitosan and Its Derivatives: A New Versatile Biopolymer for Various Applications

Rahangdale, Deepali; Joshi, Neha; Kumar, Anupama

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0263-7_1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 168 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Besides the vancomycin and gentamicin, the antimicrobial activity could come from Ch and ChO that could elute from the bone cements. This theory was supported by several publications [ 29 – 31 ]. According to Goy et al, Ch has broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activity [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Influence of chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide on dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement: In vitro evaluations

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of incorporating chitosan (Ch) and chitosan oligosaccharides (ChO) into the commercially premixed antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC). We compare antibiotic release profiles, antibacterial activity, and mechanical properties among different ALBC formulations. The hypothesis was that increasing the amount of Ch and ChO in the cement mixture would increase the antibiotics released and bacterial control. ALBC mixed with Ch or ChO may create a greater effect due to its superior dissolving property. Materials and methods The bone cement samples used in this project were made from Copal® G+V composed of vancomycin and gentamicin. To prepare the Ch and the ChO mixed bone cement samples, different amounts of Ch and ChO were added to the polymethylmethacrylate matrix with three concentrations (1%, 5%, and 10%). Drug elution assay, antimicrobial assay, in vitro cytotoxicity, and mechanical properties were conducted. Results Bone cement samples made from Copal® G+V alone or combined with Ch or ChO can release vancomycin and gentamicin into the phosphate-buffered saline. Mixing ChO into the bone cements can increase the amount of drug released more than Ch. ChO 10% gave the highest amount of antibiotics released. All samples showed good antibacterial properties with good biocompatibility in vitro. The microhardness values of the Ch and ChO groups increased significantly compared to the control group. In all groups tested, the microhardness of bone cements was reduced after the drug eluted out. However, this reduction of the Ch and ChO groups was in line with the control. Interpretation Various attempts have been made to improve the ALBC efficacy. In our study, the best bone cement formulation was bone cement mixed with ChO (10%), which had the highest drug release profiles, was biocompatible, and contained antibacterial properties with acceptable mechanical properties. This phenomenon could result from the superior water solubility of the ChO. When ChO leaves the bone cement specimens, it generates pores that could act as a path that exposes the bone cement matrix to the surrounding medium, increasing antibiotic elution. From all above, ChO is a promising substance that could be added to ALBC in order to increase the drug elution rate. However, more in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed before being used in the clinic.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Influence of chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide on dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement: In vitro evaluations

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At pH 1, the adsorption capacity for all metals was almost none, as large quantities of H + compete with the metal cations for the adsorption sites. Since the adsorbent holds mainly protonated sites, it maintains a net positive charge surface making it difficult for the metal ions to access the functional groups(Rahangdale et al 2020). The maximum adsorption was at the neutral pH.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Potential Applications of Carboxymethyl-kappa-carrageenan Hydrogels Crosslinked by Gamma Radiation

Tranquilan-Aranilla¹,

Barba²,

Relleve³

et al. 2020

Philipp J Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carboxymethyl κ-carrageenan (CMKC), with different degrees of substitution (DSs), were gamma-irradiated in viscous or paste solutions. Successfully synthezised chemically crosslinked hydrogels showed dependence on the DS, concentration, and radiation dose. The highest gel fraction was 76% exhibited by CMkC-3s hydrogel with a DS of 1.58. The hydrogels showed different swelling degrees in water and saline. Swelling behavior vs. time, in both solvents, corresponded to 2nd-order kinetics. The CMkC-3s at 20% concentration irradiated at 15 kGy had the highest water absorption of 334 g water/g dry gel. Selected hydrogels were evaluated for applications as wound dressing, as water retainer in sandy soil, and as metal adsorbent. As a wound dressing, CMkC-2s and CMkC-3s hydrogels exhibited considerable tensile strengths, abilities to absorb pseudo extracellular fluid, and extractables with pH/conductivity conducive for healing promotion. Also, the CMkC-3s hydrogel had no cytotoxic potential based on the MTT test. As water retainer in sandy soil, test samples with 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5% CMkC-3s granules initially retained 25.1%, 32.2%, and 42.6% water, respectively, compared to 19.2% of the sandy soil alone. On Day 7, the three sandy soil-CMkC groups still had 13.7–29.3% water, while the control had only 3.85%. In the batch adsorption studies, the hydrogels adsorbed Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ heavy metals in the solution at different capacities, with Cd2+ as the highly adsorbed and Pb2+ as the least. The CMkC-3s hydrogel showed the highest metal uptake and adsorption efficiency, followed by CMkC-2s, then CMkC-1s. The CMkC-3s hydrogel, further tested on pH effect, exhibited optimum metal uptake at neutral pH.

show abstract

Chitosan and Its Derivatives: A New Versatile Biopolymer for Various Applications

Cited by 2 publications

References 168 publications

Influence of chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide on dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement: In vitro evaluations

Influence of chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide on dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement: In vitro evaluations

Properties and Potential Applications of Carboxymethyl-kappa-carrageenan Hydrogels Crosslinked by Gamma Radiation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About