Chitosan-Based Particulate Carriers: Structure, Production and Corresponding Controlled Release

Abstract

The state of the art in the use of chitosan (CS) for preparing particulate carriers for drug delivery applications is reviewed. After evidencing the scientific and commercial potentials of CS, the links between targeted controlled activity, the preparation process and the kinetics of release are detailed, focusing on two types of particulate carriers: matrix particles and capsules. More precisely, the relationship between the size/structure of CS-based particles as multifunctional delivery systems and drug release kinetics (models) is emphasized. The preparation method and conditions greatly influence particle structure and size, which affect release properties. Various techniques available for characterizing particle structural properties and size distribution are reviewed. CS particulate carriers with different structures can achieve various release patterns, including zero-order, multi-pulsed, and pulse-triggered. Mathematical models have an unavoidable role in understanding release mechanisms and their interrelationships. Moreover, models help identify the key structural characteristics, thus saving experimental time. Furthermore, by investigating the close relation between preparation process parameters and particulate structural characteristics as well as their effect on release properties, a novel “on-demand” strategy for the design of drug delivery devices may be developed. This reverse strategy involves designing the production process and the related particles’ structure based on the targeted release pattern.

Extraction, Characterization, and Evaluation of Lepidium sativum Linn. Mucilage as a Mucoadhesive Polymer

“…(8) In-Vitro Drug Release Kinetics . Data obtained from the in-vitro release studies were fitted into various kinetic equations to evaluate the rate and mechanism of ibuprofen release from the prepared microspheres and calculated using the following equations [ 30 ]: where Q is the amount of drug released in time t , Qo is the start value of Q , and k is the rate constant. where Q is the amount of drug released in time t , Qo is the start value of Q , and k is the rate constant.…”

On the Structural and Molecular Properties of PEO and PEO-PPG Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

“…Therefore, assuming all other variables remain constant, the DD level directly affects the solubility, crystal structure, and size of glucosamine units in chitosan [9]. As a result, the degree of crystallinity and crystal size potentially plays a significant role in the biochemical, nanomedicinal, and pharmacological applications of CS-NPs [15,16]. The methodologies employed to synthesize CS-NPs include ionic gelation, microemulsion, emulsion-based solvent evaporation, and emulsification solvent diffusion [17][18][19].…”

Chitosan Microparticles Enhance the Intestinal Release and Immune Response of an Immune Stimulant Peptide in Oncorhynchus mykiss

“…Preparing chitosan microparticles typically involves using various techniques, such as emulsification, solvent evaporation, and spray drying [35]. These techniques allow for the formation of microparticles with controlled size, shape, and drug-release properties [36]. In drug delivery applications, chitosan microparticles can be loaded with a wide range of drugs, including anticancer agents, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory agents.…”