Chitosan/Bioglass Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: An Overview of Promising Biomaterials

Abstract

Bioactive glass (BG) shows great potential as a biomaterial for bone regeneration. Chitosan enhances the biological characteristics of BG. Chitosan is the sole commonly utilized natural polysaccharide that may be chemically altered for various purposes and roles. Composite materials formed by combining chitosan bioactive glass (BG) nanoparticles and microparticles are used in this context. Integrating bioactive glasses enhances the mechanical characteristics, bioactivity, and regenerative capacity of the end product. Research indicates that chitosan/BG composites enhance angiogenesis, cell adhesion, and proliferation. Bioglass improves biomineralization and boosts bone extracellular matrix formation by osteoblasts. The current findings demonstrate that the chitosan-glass nanofiber composites can enhance both antibacterial capabilities and bone conductivity. This review examines novel techniques for creating chitosan-based materials for engineering purposes, as well as upcoming difficulties and outlooks.