Chitosan Hydrochloride Decreases Fusarium graminearum Growth and Virulence and Boosts Growth, Development and Systemic Acquired Resistance in Two Durum Wheat Genotypes

Francesconi, Sara; Steiner, Barbara; Buerstmayr, Hermann; Lemmens, Marc; Sulyok, Michael; Balestra, G. M.

doi:10.3390/molecules25204752

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Recently, it was reported that the application of chitosan hydrochloride derived from chitin suppressed the severity of FHB and DON accumulation in wheat spikes. In addition, chitosan treatment activated the SAR signaling pathway and caused induction of some defense genes in wheat spikes [ 48 ]. Additionally, some natural products have been identified as inhibitors of trichothecene biosynthesis in F. graminearum .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinamide Effectively Suppresses Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat Plants

Sidiq

Mori

Yaeno

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Pyridine nucleotides such as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) are known as plant defense activators. We previously reported that nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) enhanced disease resistance against fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum in barley and Arabidopsis. In this study, we reveal that the pretreatment of nicotinamide (NIM), which does not contain nucleotides, effectively suppresses disease development of Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) in wheat plants. Correspondingly, deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin accumulation was also significantly decreased by NIM pretreatment. A metabolome analysis showed that several antioxidant and antifungal compounds such as trigonelline were significantly accumulated in the NIM-pretreated spikes after inoculation of F. graminearum. In addition, some metabolites involved in the DNA hypomethylation were accumulated in the NIM-pretreated spikes. On the other hand, fungal metabolites DON and ergosterol peroxide were significantly reduced by the NIM pretreatment. Since NIM is relative stable and inexpensive compared with NMN and NAD, it may be more useful for the control of symptoms of FHB and DON accumulation in wheat and other crops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinamide Effectively Suppresses Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat Plants

Sidiq

Mori

Yaeno

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Research has also been conducted on durum wheat on the effect of hydrochloride chitosan. The results showed a decrease in the growth of F. graminearum [55]. Furthermore, it has been proven that in the case of wheat and barley, chitosan and isolates of Pseudomonas spp.…”

Section: Pathogen and Disease Controlmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A decrease in growth of these Fusarium species was observed, using chitosan and water activity (aW) [124]. It also points to the huge potential of non-toxic chitosan to replace conventional antifungal agents [55]. A study on maize also found that chitosan in combination with Cuscuta pedicellata extract has the potential to be protective against Fusarium oxysporum [125].…”

Section: Pathogen and Disease Controlmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moreover, research has been carried out on a water-soluble form of chitosan, namely chitosan hydrochloride. It has been shown that this substance stimulates growth and affects germination rate and root development of durum wheat [55]. Comparative studies were also conducted on the effect of different concentrations of chitosan as well as chitosan nanoparticles on wheat.…”

Section: Wheat and Barleymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Using Chitosan on Cereal Crops in the Face of Climate Change

Kocięcka

Liberacki

2021

Plants

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This review presents the main findings from measurements carried out on cereals using chitosan, its derivatives, and nanoparticles. Research into the use of chitosan in agriculture is growing in popularity. Since 2000, 188 original scientific articles indexed in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases have been published on this topic. These have focused mainly on wheat (34.3%), maize (26.3%), and rice (24.2%). It was shown that research on other cereals such as millets and sorghum is scarce and should be expanded to better understand the impact of chitosan use. This review demonstrates that this chitosan is highly effective against the most dangerous diseases and pathogens for cereals. Furthermore, it also contributes to improving yield and chlorophyll content, as well as some plant growth parameters. Additionally, it induces excellent resistance to drought, salt, and low temperature stress and reduces their negative impact on cereals. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate the full field efficacy of chitosan.

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“…However, no fully effective FHB fungicide is available ( Haidukowski et al, 2012 ), and the application window is very narrow, spanning just a few days around anthesis ( Mesterházy et al, 2003 ). Recently, an organic strategy to reduce FHB incidence and severity was proposed, but now it needs to be confirmed on wide areas ( Francesconi et al, 2020 ). For these reasons, early detection and control of FHB is a key factor to gain maximum protection of yield ( Mahlein et al, 2019 ) from fungal spread and mycotoxin accumulation; in fact, there is a strong evidence base in the research literature that a prompt and early application of fungicides instead of applying fungicides at late stages of infection drastically reduce the FHB spread and DON accumulation inside the grains, instead of applying fungicides at late stage of infection ( Freije and Wise, 2015 ; Feksa et al, 2019 ; Bolanos-Carriel et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UAV-Based Thermal, RGB Imaging and Gene Expression Analysis Allowed Detection of Fusarium Head Blight and Gave New Insights Into the Physiological Responses to the Disease in Durum Wheat

et al. 2021

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Wheat is one of the world’s most economically important cereal crop, grown on 220 million hectares. Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease is considered a major threat to durum (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (Desfontaines) Husnache) and bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) cultivars and is mainly managed by the application of fungicides at anthesis. However, fungicides are applied when FHB symptoms are clearly visible and the spikes are almost entirely bleached (% of diseased spikelets > 80%), by when it is too late to control FHB disease. For this reason, farmers often react by performing repeated fungicide treatments that, however, due to the advanced state of the infection, cause a waste of money and pose significant risks to the environment and non-target organisms. In the present study, we used unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based thermal infrared (TIR) and red-green-blue (RGB) imaging for FHB detection in T. turgidum (cv. Marco Aurelio) under natural field conditions. TIR and RGB data coupled with ground-based measurements such as spike’s temperature, photosynthetic efficiency and molecular identification of FHB pathogens, detected FHB at anthesis half-way (Zadoks stage 65, ZS 65), when the percentage (%) of diseased spikelets ranged between 20% and 60%. Moreover, in greenhouse experiments the transcripts of the key genes involved in stomatal closure were mostly up-regulated in F. graminearum-inoculated plants, demonstrating that the physiological mechanism behind the spike’s temperature increase and photosynthetic efficiency decrease could be attributed to the closure of the guard cells in response to F. graminearum. In addition, preliminary analysis revealed that there is differential regulation of genes between drought-stressed and F. graminearum-inoculated plants, suggesting that there might be a possibility to discriminate between water stress and FHB infection. This study shows the potential of UAV-based TIR and RGB imaging for field phenotyping of wheat and other cereal crop species in response to environmental stresses. This is anticipated to have enormous promise for the detection of FHB disease and tremendous implications for optimizing the application of fungicides, since global food crop demand is to be met with minimal environmental impacts.

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Chitosan Hydrochloride Decreases Fusarium graminearum Growth and Virulence and Boosts Growth, Development and Systemic Acquired Resistance in Two Durum Wheat Genotypes

Cited by 28 publications

References 118 publications

Nicotinamide Effectively Suppresses Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat Plants

Nicotinamide Effectively Suppresses Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat Plants

The Potential of Using Chitosan on Cereal Crops in the Face of Climate Change

UAV-Based Thermal, RGB Imaging and Gene Expression Analysis Allowed Detection of Fusarium Head Blight and Gave New Insights Into the Physiological Responses to the Disease in Durum Wheat

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