Chitosan Microparticles as Oral Delivery System for Tetanus Toxoid

Ahire, Vijay J; Sawant, Krutika; Doshi, Jignesh; Ravetkar, Satish

doi:10.1080/03639040701377847

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…On the other hand, IgA levels were not significantly different at day four; however, the levels were significantly (P , 0.01) higher in TT-loaded CMs than in TT in PBS at days eight, 14, and 22. 69 These results suggest that the encapsulated vaccine in CMs enhanced the systemic as well as local immune responses compared to the nonencapsulated vaccine, rendering a safe and effective form of oral vaccination. Further studies on cellular immune responses including memory effect of B-cells and T-cells will ensure the solid effectiveness of CMs for vaccine delivery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Several studies have shown that the uptake by M-cells was significantly enhanced and degradation of protein and peptide vaccines in the gastrointestinal track was prevented after the incorporation of vaccine with CMs. 59,[68][69][70][71] Due to its nontoxicity and potent antigen binding properties, chitosan has been considered a promising tool for oral vaccination.…”

Section: Oral Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…70 CMs were also examined after oral delivery of tetanus toxoid (TT) to induce systemic and local immune responses. 69 TT-loaded CMs were prepared by the ionic crosslinking method using sodium tripolyphosphate. Unloaded CMs, TT-loaded CMs, and naked TT in PBS were orally administered in mice, and TT absorbed on aluminum phosphate was administered intramuscularly as a positive control.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Design and application of chitosan microspheres as oral and nasal vaccine carriers: an updated review

Islam¹,

Firdous²,

Choi³

et al. 2012

IJN

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Chitosan, a natural biodegradable polymer, is of great interest in biomedical research due to its excellent properties including bioavailability, nontoxicity, high charge density, and mucoadhesivity, which creates immense potential for various pharmaceutical applications. It has gelling properties when it interacts with counterions such as sulfates or polyphosphates and when it crosslinks with glutaraldehyde. This characteristic facilitates its usefulness in the coating or entrapment of biochemicals, drugs, antigenic molecules as a vaccine candidate, and microorganisms. Therefore, chitosan together with the advance of nanotechnology can be effectively applied as a carrier system for vaccine delivery. In fact, chitosan microspheres have been studied as a promising carrier system for mucosal vaccination, especially via the oral and nasal route to induce enhanced immune responses. Moreover, the thiolated form of chitosan is of considerable interest due to its improved mucoadhesivity, permeability, stability, and controlled/extended release profile. This review describes the various methods used to design and synthesize chitosan microspheres and recent updates on their potential applications for oral and nasal delivery of vaccines. The potential use of thiolated chitosan microspheres as next-generation mucosal vaccine carriers is also discussed.

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mentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Oral Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and application of chitosan microspheres as oral and nasal vaccine carriers: an updated review

Islam¹,

Firdous²,

Choi³

et al. 2012

IJN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Particle size measurements can be carried out with commonly used methods such as sieving, microscopy, Coulter counter measurements, laser light-scattering systems or laser light diffraction technique [45][46][47].…”

Section: Particle Size Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucoadhesive Microspheres: A Promising Tool in Drug Delivery

Patil

Sawant²

2008

CDD

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Mucoadhesive polymers have recently gained interest among pharmaceutical scientists as a means of improving drug delivery by promoting the residence time and contact time of the dosage form with the mucous membranes. Mucoadhesion is the process whereby synthetic and natural polymers adhere to mucosal surfaces in the body. If these materials are then incorporated into pharmaceutical formulations, drug absorption by mucosal cells may be enhanced or the drug will be released at the site for an extended period of time. Microspheres, in general, have the potential to be used for targeted and controlled release drug delivery; however, coupling of mucoadhesive properties to microspheres has additional advantages like, a much more intimate contact with the mucus layer, efficient absorption and enhanced bioavailability of the drugs due to a high surface to volume ratio. The present review describes the potential applications of mucoadhesive microspheres as a novel carrier system to improve drug delivery by various routes of administration like buccal, oral, nasal, ocular, vaginal and rectal, either for systemic or for local effects. The mucoadhesive polymers, methods of preparation of microspheres and their in vitro and in vivo evaluation are also described.

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“…In a study conducted by Tian et al, fish immunized by oral vaccination with a plasmid DNA (pDNA) containing major capsid protein (MCP) gene of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) encapsulated in chitosan microspheres showed significantly enhanced systemic immune responses in comparison with fish vaccinated with naked pDNA [43]. The chitosan encapsulated tetanus toxoid (CS-TT) microparticles have been shown to induce antigen specific IgA in intestinal lavage, faeces, intestinal washings and strong antigen specific IgG in the systemic circulation after oral immunization [44]. Since chitosan polymers have already been used for a variety of biomedical purposes, including the preparation of controlled drug delivery systems, including proteins [45], it was an excellent choice for a vaccine delivery system.…”

Section: Mucoadhesive Microspheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Microspheres as Potential Vaccine Delivery Systems.

Ramaswamy

2011

Int J Drug Del

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The recent advances in controlled delivery systems for protein pharmaceuticals such as microspheres, liposomes, pumps and implants, have provided a new avenue for delivery of vaccine antigens. Adjuvants aimed at increasing the immunogenicity of recombinant antigens remain a focus in vaccine development worldwide, there is currently considerable care for the development of chitosan microspheres as controlled release of vaccines, since the major disadvantage of several currently available vaccines is the need for repeated administration. Microspheres prepared from the biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, chitosan have been shown to be effective adjuvants for a number of antigens. This review mainly focuses on chitosan microspheres adjuvant as vaccine delivery systems by summarizing our and other research groups' investigation on properties of microspheres formulation encapsulating several kinds of antigens. The results indicate that compared with commonly used PLA and PLGA, chitosan biomaterial has several potentials in vaccine delivery systems. Chitosan microspheres can control the rate of release of entrapped antigens and therefore, offer generation adjuvant to replace or complement existing aluminium salts for vaccine potential. The review mainly aims to promote the investigation of chitosan microspheres adjuvant for antigens for world wide researcher.

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Chitosan Microparticles as Oral Delivery System for Tetanus Toxoid

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

Design and application of chitosan microspheres as oral and nasal vaccine carriers: an updated review

Design and application of chitosan microspheres as oral and nasal vaccine carriers: an updated review

Mucoadhesive Microspheres: A Promising Tool in Drug Delivery

Chitosan Microspheres as Potential Vaccine Delivery Systems.

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