Chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HTCC): The potential immune adjuvants and nano carriers

Zhao, Jing; Li, Jinqi; Jiang, Zhongliang; Tong, Rongsheng; Duan, Xingmei; Bai, Lan; Shi, Jianyou

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.065

Cited by 68 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The replacement of the primary amino group from C2 of chitosan with a quaternary amino group leads to the development of electrostatic bonds between the formed derivative and the sialic acid in the mucosa, improving the mucoadhesion, but also the immunostimulatory effect [ 34 ].…”

Section: Properties Of Chitosan and Its Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of vaccines, a vehicle is needed to deliver the antigen and, preferably, to have a nonspecific immunostimulatory effect, which improves the efficiency of immunization [ 34 ]. To increase the immune response of vaccines, adjuvants are introduced into their component, increasing the potency and efficiency of immunization.…”

Section: Chitosan In the Development Of Intranasal Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biomedical investigations on chitosan and its derivatives have been performed due to their properties, including their biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, low allergenic activity [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], mucoadhesion, permeability enhancement [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], antibacterial and antifungal properties [ 28 , 29 ], immunogenic character [ 8 , 17 , 30 ], hemostatic properties [ 2 , 8 ], antioxidant activity [ 9 ], and antitumor effect [ 9 , 31 ]. Chitosan has several applications in biomedical and related fields, being used as a matrix for cell development and wound healing [ 8 ] (skin wound healing [ 32 ] and corneal wound healing [ 7 , 33 ]), tissue engineering (bone tissue engineering [ 15 , 34 ], skin tissue engineering, and cartilage tissue engineering [ 35 ]), gene delivery [ 36 , 37 , 38 ], the development of biosensors [ 39 , 40 ], adjuvant for mucosal formulations [ 34 , 41 ], cosmetics [ 42 ], and food packaging [ 43 , 44 ]. It is also a very important component in drug delivery systems [ 9 ] and the delivery of vaccines [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Opportunity to Formulate Intranasal Vaccines and Drug Delivery Systems Based on Chitosan

Popescu

Ghica

Dinu-Pîrvu

et al. 2020

IJMS

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In an attempt to develop drug delivery systems that bypass the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and prevent liver and intestinal degradation, it was concluded that nasal medication meets these criteria and can be used for drugs that have these drawbacks. The aim of this review is to present the influence of the properties of chitosan and its derivatives (mucoadhesion, permeability enhancement, surface tension, and zeta potential) on the development of suitable nasal drug delivery systems and on the nasal bioavailability of various active pharmaceutical ingredients. Interactions between chitosan and proteins, lipids, antigens, and other molecules lead to complexes that have their own applications or to changing characteristics of the substances involved in the bond (conformational changes, increased stability or solubility, etc.). Chitosan and its derivatives have their own actions (antibacterial, antifungal, immunostimulant, antioxidant, etc.) and can be used as such or in combination with other molecules from the same class to achieve a synergistic effect. The applicability of the properties is set out in the second part of the paper, where nasal formulations based on chitosan are described (vaccines, hydrogels, nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), powders, emulsions, etc.).

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Section: Properties Of Chitosan and Its Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chitosan In the Development Of Intranasal Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

New Opportunity to Formulate Intranasal Vaccines and Drug Delivery Systems Based on Chitosan

Popescu

Ghica

Dinu-Pîrvu

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…This polymer was found to be suitable for preparing nanosystems such as polymeric NPs. In particular, Jin et al [27], prepared HACC-based NPs by ionotropic crosslinking with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as a carrier of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) [69]. HACC has shown good antimicrobial and antifungal activity in itself, coupled with NDV activity.…”

Section: Quaternary Ammonium Chitosan Derivatives: Principal Charactementioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary Ammonium Chitosans: The Importance of the Positive Fixed Charge of the Drug Delivery Systems

Fabiano

Beconcini

Migone

et al. 2020

IJMS

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As a natural polysaccharide, chitosan has good biocompatibility, biodegradability and biosecurity. The hydroxyl and amino groups present in its structure make it an extremely versatile and chemically modifiable material. In recent years, various synthetic strategies have been used to modify chitosan, mainly to solve the problem of its insolubility in neutral physiological fluids. Thus, derivatives with negative or positive fixed charge were synthesized and used to prepare innovative drug delivery systems. Positively charged conjugates showed improved properties compared to unmodified chitosan. In this review the main quaternary ammonium derivatives of chitosan will be considered, their preparation and their applications will be described to evaluate the impact of the positive fixed charge on the improvement of the properties of the drug delivery systems based on these polymers. Furthermore, the performances of the proposed systems resulting from in vitro and ex vivo experiments will be taken into consideration, with particular attention to cytotoxicity of systems, and their ability to promote drug absorption.

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“…In addition, chitosan can be easily functionalized to obtain the desired targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. Chemical modification of chitosan results in the formation of several derivatives [14] with improved solubility in several biological media (e.g., intestinal media-n-trimethyl chitosan chloride [15]) or enhanced mucoadhesiveness (thiolated chitosan [16]). The primary amine (-NH 2 ) groups of chitosan provide a reaction site for chemical modification, which can enhance the stability and drug encapsulation efficiency and thus open ways to various utilizations in pharmaceutical and medical fields [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembled Nanocarriers Based on Modified Chitosan for Biomedical Applications: Preparation and Characterization

Rusu¹,

Chiriac²,

Niţă³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Protein–polysaccharide systems are of increasing interest as their combined attributes allow for fulfilling a broad range of applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. In this study, the preparation of nanogels based on maleic anhydride chitosan derivatives (MAC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was achieved through a self-assembly process performed in aqueous phase. A series of experiments performed by varying the concentrations of MAC and BSA were conducted to find an appropriate mixing ratio for the polymer solutions leading to thermodynamically stable nanogels with the ability to encapsulate active compounds. The influence of temperature on the formation of nanogels was also studied. The consequent conformational changes were monitored using ultraviolet–visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometry. The spectrophotometric investigations combined with diffraction light scattering (DLS) technique and zeta potential measurement results were correlated to determine the interaction mechanism and assess the self-assembling processes during nanogel formation. It was found that the hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of the nanoparticles increased slightly at acidic pH, and the protonation of ionizable amino groups with the pH was confirmed by the zeta potential measurements. MAC/BSA nanogels also exhibited antimicrobial properties after being loaded with amoxicillin (Amox), which is an antibiotic used for the treatment of various infections. The experimental data resulting from this study provide theoretical guidance for the design and development of attractive nanocarriers for a large variety of biomedical applications.

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Chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HTCC): The potential immune adjuvants and nano carriers

Cited by 68 publications

References 95 publications

New Opportunity to Formulate Intranasal Vaccines and Drug Delivery Systems Based on Chitosan

New Opportunity to Formulate Intranasal Vaccines and Drug Delivery Systems Based on Chitosan

Quaternary Ammonium Chitosans: The Importance of the Positive Fixed Charge of the Drug Delivery Systems

Self-Assembled Nanocarriers Based on Modified Chitosan for Biomedical Applications: Preparation and Characterization

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