Chitosan‐Placental ECM Composite Thermos‐Responsive Hydrogel as a Biomimetic Wound Dressing with Angiogenic Property

Abstract

Attempts are being made to develop an ideal wound dressing with excellent biomechanical and biological properties. Here, a thermos-responsive hydrogel is fabricated using chitosan (CTS) with various concentrations (1%, 2.5%, and 5% w/v) of solubilized placental extracellular matrix (ECM) and 20% 𝜷-glycerophosphate to optimize a smart wound dressing hydrogel with improved biological behavior. The thermo-responsive CTS (TCTS) alone or loaded with ECMs (ECM-TCTS) demonstrate uniform morphology using SEM. TCTS and ECM1%-TCTS and ECM2.5%-TCTS show a gelation time of 5 min at 37 °C, while no gel formation is observed at 4 and 25 °C. ECM5%-TCTS forms gel at both 25 and 37 °C. The degradation and swelling ratios increase as the ECM content of the hydrogel increase. All the constructs show excellent biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo, however, the hydrogels with a higher concentration of ECM demonstrate better cell adhesion for fibroblast cells and induce expression of angiogenic factors (VEGF and VEGFR) from HUVEC. Only the ECM5%-TCTS has antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606. The data obtained from the current study suggest the ECM2.5%-TCTS as an optimized smart biomimetic wound dressing with improved angiogenic properties now promises to proceed with pre-clinical and clinical investigations.

An injectable chitosan/laponite hydrogel synthesized via hybrid cross‐linking system: A smart platform for cartilage regeneration

“…It has been proved that a higher BGP concentration offers a shorter gelation time 27 . As a similar case, chitosan‐placental ECM biocomposite was developed benefiting from BGP crosslinks which provided a thermos‐responsive behavior for this scaffold and directly affected the gelation time at biological temperature 28 . Nevertheless, an increased concentration of BGP might have a toxic effect on the cells 29 .…”

“…27 As a similar case, chitosan-placental ECM biocomposite was developed benefiting from BGP crosslinks which provided a thermos-responsive behavior for this scaffold and directly affected the gelation time at biological temperature. 28 Nevertheless, an increased concentration of BGP might have a toxic effect on the cells. 29 Thus, it is important to control and detect its optimal concentration.…”

Decellularized Placental Sponge: A Platform for Coculture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells/Macrophages to Assess an M2 Phenotype and Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitro and In Vivo

“…The culture medium used was Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 100 U/mL penicillin–streptomycin (pen/strep) (all from Gibco, Carlsbad, CA). They were then incubated under a humidified air of 5% CO 2 at 37 °C at different intervals …”

“…They were then incubated under a humidified air of 5% CO 2 at 37 °C at different intervals. 51 2.4.1. AD-MSC Isolation and Characterization.…”

Animal tissue-derived biomaterials for promoting wound healing

“…Novel wound dressings, such as foam dressings, hydrogels, and tissue-engineered skin, provide resistance to external bacterial contamination and possess additional benefits like pain relief, hydration and tissue regeneration. [13][14][15][16] Synthetic polymers are composite nanobiomaterials with small pores and very high specific surface area. Their application for wound dressings is made possible using various techniques but mainly by electrospinning.…”