Chitosan-Recombinamer Layer-by-Layer Coatings for Multifunctional Implants

Abstract

The main clinical problems for dental implants are (1) formation of biofilm around the implant—a condition known as peri-implantitis and (2) inadequate bone formation around the implant—lack of osseointegration. Therefore, developing an implant to overcome these problems is of significant interest to the dental community. Chitosan has been reported to have good biocompatibility and anti-bacterial activity. An osseo-inductive recombinant elastin-like biopolymer (P-HAP), that contains a peptide derived from the protein statherin, has been reported to induce biomineralization and osteoblast differentiation. In this study, chitosan/P-HAP bi-layers were built on a titanium surface using a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique. The difference in the water contact angle between consecutive layers, the representative peaks in diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the changes in the topography between surfaces with a different number of bi-layers observed using atomic force microscopy (AFM), all indicated the successful establishment of chitosan/P-HAP LbL assembly on the titanium surface. The LbL-modified surfaces showed increased biomineralization, an appropriate mouse pre-osteoblastic cell response, and significant anti-bacterial activity against Streptococcus gordonii, a primary colonizer of tissues in the oral environment.

Layer-By-Layer Assemblies of Biopolymers: Build-Up, Mechanical Stability and Molecular Dynamics

“…Particularly, LbL technology presented several advantages for biomedicine: (i) deposition of homogeneous films with controlled thickness, (ii) high loading capacities and controlled release of biomolecules/drugs of various nature, and (iii) coating stability under physiological conditions. This made the LbL method one of the most rapidly growing strategies for generating thin film coatings of biomedical scaffolds [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ], patterned surfaces [ 7 , 8 ], medical devices [ 9 , 10 ], implants [ 11 , 12 ], and a range of alternate bioapplications ( Figure 1 ); while multilayer capsules became promising nano- and micro-carriers for drug delivery applications [ 1 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Emerging Applications of Drug Delivery Systems in Oral Infectious Diseases Prevention and Treatment

“…PLGA(Ag-Fe3O4)-coated dental implants [175] Sm 7 inhibited bacteria adherence Ag nanoparticles coated on titanium [179] E coli, Sa showed antibacterial effect and sustained release for 7 days Antibiotics doxycycline-coated abutment surfaces [180] Se 8 inhibited the bacterial growth; showed sustained release for least 2 weeks Tetracycline-containing fibers coated titanium implant [171] Pg, Fn 9 ,Pi 10 , Aa showed inhibition of biofilm and kept releasing for 3 days silica-gentamycin coated titanium implant [170] Sa showed antibacterial effect and sustained release for 14 days Tetracycline loaded nanofibers coated titanium implant [43] Aa, Fn, Pg, Pi Showed anti-bacterial effect Tetracycline loaded titanium [181] Pg showed antibacterial efficiency and sustained release for 15 days Cationic antibacterial agents chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate nanoparticles coated titanium [182] Sg demonstrated antibacterial effect and sustained release of soluble chlorhexidine for 99 days The PIXIT implant containing polysiloxane oligomers and chlorhexidine gluconate [183] Clinic trail controlled bacterial adhesion; reduced the bacterial species involved with long-term failure of dental implant Dimethylaminododecyl Methacrylate(DMADDM) coated dental implant [172] saliva-derived biofilm inhibited biofilm growth and regulated microecosystem Bioactive antibacterial agents Chitosan/P-HAP bi-layers coated titanium implant [184] Sg Demonstrated an appropriate mouse pre-osteoblastic cell response, and significant anti-bacterial activity * The bacterial model were showed in abbreviated form: 1 Such kinds of dual-functional DDS not only show antibacterial effects without affecting biocompatibility, but also help promote bone regeneration, which has excellent application potential. However, long-term drug release and multifunctional dental implant research are still limited.…”

The Osteogenetic Potential of Chitosan Coated Implant: An In Vitro Study

“…Chitosan is a biocompatible, biodegradable, osteoconductive, and excellent wound healing accelerator with anti-inflammatory properties [13,14] . Because of these properties, chitosan has been investigated as a coating for implant materials to promote osseointegration in vitro and in vivo [15,16] . vol% water/ethanol solution that was acidified to 4.5 pH with 10 M acetic acid.…”