Chitosan: Strategies to Increase and Modulate Drug Release Rate

Lucio, David; Martínez-Ohárriz, María Cristina

doi:10.5772/65714

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Chitosan exhibits cationic properties due to protonated amino groups that can bind negatively charged substances such as polymers or anionic forms of active pharmacological substances present in the form of salts. Due to such interaction, chitosan is one such excipient, which can modify the pharmaceutical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), such as apparent solubility and dissolution rate [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. In recent years, chitosan has become the center of the pharmaceutical field interest due to its favorable biological properties such as biocompatibility, lack of toxicity, and biodegradability when administered orally due to the influence of the intestinal microflora [ 2 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan as Valuable Excipient for Oral and Topical Carvedilol Delivery Systems

Sip

Paczkowska-Walendowska

Rosiak

et al. 2021

Pharmaceuticals

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Chitosan is a valued excipient due to its biocompatibility properties and increasing solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. The research presented in this paper concerns the preparation of binary combinations of chitosan (deacetylated chitin) with carvedilol (beta-blocker) to develop a formulation with a modified carvedilol release profile. As part of the research, six physical mixtures of chitosan with carvedilol were obtained and identified by spectral (PXRD, FT-IR, and Raman), thermal (DSC), and microscopic (SEM) methods. The next stage of the research estimated the profile changes and the dissolution rate for carvedilol in the obtained drug delivery systems; the reference sample was pure carvedilol. The studies were conducted at pH = 1.2 and 6.8, simulating the gastrointestinal tract conditions. Quantitative changes of carvedilol were determined using the developed isocratic UHPLC-DAD method. Established apparent permeability coefficients proved the changes in carvedilol’s permeability after introducing a drug delivery system through membranes simulating the gastrointestinal tract and skin walls. A bioadhesive potential of carvedilol–chitosan systems was confirmed using the in vitro model. The conducted research and the obtained results indicate a significant potential of using chitosan as an excipient in modern oral or epidermal drug delivery systems of carvedilol.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan as Valuable Excipient for Oral and Topical Carvedilol Delivery Systems

Sip

Paczkowska-Walendowska

Rosiak

et al. 2021

Pharmaceuticals

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“…Chitosan-based drug delivery is influenced by several factors: deacetylation and substitution degree of polysaccharide, the molecular weight of the polymer, porous structure, nanoparticle size, and compression force. The conformation and length of chitosan polysaccharide chains affect the accessibility of its functional groups by drug molecules that is critical to creating electrostatic interactions for subsequent incorporation of drug molecules into such systems [ 77 ].…”

Section: Chitin and Chitosan As Tools To Combat Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitin and chitosan as tools to combat COVID-19: A triple approach

Safarzadeh

Sadeghi

Azizi

et al. 2021

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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The progressive and fatal outbreak of the newly emerged coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, necessitates rigorous collaboration of all health care systems and researchers from all around the world to bring such a devastating pandemic under control. As there is so far no officially approved drug or ideal vaccine for this disease, investigations on this infectious disease are actively pursued. Chitin and chitosan have shown promising results against viral infections. In this review, we first delve into the problematic consequences of viral pandemics followed by an introduction on SARS-CoV-2 taxonomical classification. Then, we elaborate on the immunology of COVID-19. Common antiviral therapies and their related limitations are described and finally, the potential applicability of chitin and chitosan to fight this overwhelming viral pandemic is addressed.

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“…Typical release mechanism from various stimuli-sensitive chitosan formulations [17,109] Solvent-controlled release The solvent-controlled release (dissolution release) includes: -Osmosis-controlled release from biopolymer formulations covered with a semi-permeable polymeric membrane, through which water molecules move from externalmedia, with low biologically active compounds concentration, toward the drug-loaded core. As a result of the generated osmotic pressure, the encapsulated molecules are released.…”

Section: International/european Regulatory Aspects and Future Perspecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biologically-active compound release rate could be controlled by: -solute diffusion; -biopolymer dissolution. [103,104,109,110] Multistimuli-sensitive destruction Newly-designed smart chitosan-based drug delivery systems possess the ability to transform some of their physicochemical properties in response to various extra/intracellular stimuli and external accelerating conditions (e.g., pH, redox gradient, temperature, sonication, UV-irradiation, magnetic field, etc.). Such functional sensitivities improve the payload capacity, stimulate the release and regulate the delivery of the encapsulated biologically active substances at target locations, thus achieving improved drug delivery efficiency.…”

Section: International/european Regulatory Aspects and Future Perspecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-Short synthesis periods of microcapsules with multi stimuli responsiveness; -High-dose, direct loading of hydrophobic drugs into the microcapsules. [19,79,109] With approximately 10 11 tons of chitin produced per year from waste crustacean carapaces, chitosan is a cost effective biomaterial [49,50]. Despite the fact that chitosan-based formulations sustain immense biological activities in plants, these materials have not yet been widely adopted as sustainable agricultural remedies due to the lack of reliable knowledge and research on their bioactivity, modes of action towards pathogenic microorganism, plant protection and growth [59].…”

Section: International/european Regulatory Aspects and Future Perspecmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The 21st century revival of chitosan in service to bio-organic chemistry

Yaneva

Ivanova

Nikolova

et al. 2020

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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The design and synthesis of biopolymer nano-and micro-formulations are a new trend with growing priority in scientific research and development in the fields of biomedicine, bioorganic/ medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutics, agrochemistry and food industry. This incorporates a vast variety of improved and newly-developed analytical and physico-chemical techniques for green and efficient synthesis. The scope of the present review was to outline the recent advances in the methods for design of novel chitosan micro-and nano-carriers and transporters. Special emphasis is laid on their functionalities and capacity for encapsulation of natural bioactive compounds and controlled in vitro/in vivo release in various biological/physiological media. Expectations for the application of chitosan formulations and chitosan-based hybrid systems are progressively increasing as the knowledge regarding their physical, chemical and biological properties constantly expands. Thus, this review proposes insights on the objective assessment of the capacity, applicability and versatility of newly-designed chitosan-based hybrid systems. A detailed integrative approach, which incorporates the innovative scientific achievements based on complex novel, precise and reliable analytical procedures and methods for qualitative and quantitative morphological, structural, spectral, chemical and biochemical analyses of the bioprecursors and the designed chitosan-carrier micro/nano-hybrid systems, is applied. Sustainable knowledge on the mechanism and methods of natural bioactive substances encapsulation and in vitro/in vivo release is reviewed and discussed.

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Chitosan: Strategies to Increase and Modulate Drug Release Rate

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Chitosan as Valuable Excipient for Oral and Topical Carvedilol Delivery Systems

Chitosan as Valuable Excipient for Oral and Topical Carvedilol Delivery Systems

Chitin and chitosan as tools to combat COVID-19: A triple approach

The 21st century revival of chitosan in service to bio-organic chemistry

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