Chitosan/Zeolite Composite Aerogels for a Fast and Effective Removal of Both Anionic and Cationic Dyes from Water

Abstract

Organic dyes are extensively used in many industrial sectors, and their uncontrolled disposal into wastewaters raises serious concerns for environmental and human health. Due to the large variety of such pollutants, an effective remediation strategy should be characterized by a broad-spectrum efficacy. A promising strategy is represented by the combination of different adsorbent materials with complementary functionalities to develop composite materials that are expected to remove different contaminants. In the present work, a broad-spectrum adsorbent was developed by embedding zeolite 13X powder (ZX) in a chitosan (CS) aerogel (1:1 by weight). The CS–ZX composite adsorbent removes both anionic (indigo carmine, IC) and cationic (methylene blue, MB) dyes effectively, with a maximum uptake capacity of 221 mg/g and 108 mg/g, respectively. In addition, the adsorption kinetics are rather fast, with equilibrium conditions attained in less than 2 h. The composite exhibits good mechanical properties in both dry and wet state, which enables its handling for reusability purposes. In this regard, preliminary tests show that the full restoration of the IC removal ability over three adsorption–desorption cycles is achieved using a 0.1 M NaOH aqueous solution, while a 1 M NaCl aqueous solution allows one to preserve >60% of the MB removal ability.

Chitosan-Functionalized-Graphene Oxide (GO@CS) Beads as an Effective Adsorbent to Remove Cationic Dye from Wastewater

“…The chemical structure of chitosan (CS) contains several active groups, such as amino- (-NH 2 ) and hydroxyl- (-OH) groups, which serve as coordination sites for various pollutants; therefore, it is considered as an efficient adsorbent material for wastewater treatment [ 10 ]. Recently, many works have been investigated to modify the chitosan to enhance its efficiency in removing dyes and other pollutants from wastewater [ 2 , 3 , 7 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Modification of CS with carboxymethyl to synthesize a novel cross-linked O-CM-chitosan hydrogel adsorbent materials to remove the MB dye [ 2 ].…”

Carbon-Silica Composite as Adsorbent for Removal of Hazardous C.I. Basic Yellow 2 and C.I. Basic Blue 3 Dyes

“…Insignificant impact of temperature on the BY2 uptake was observed, the values of q e exp were ranged from 716.3 mg/g to 733.2 mg/g at 20-60 • C. The sorption capacities of the composite for BB3 and BY2 were compared with data available in the literature [17,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and are presented in Table 4. In addition, many valuable reports can be found in the literature on the adsorptive removal of dyes of different types using composites [32][33][34][35][36]. It is worth mentioning here that attempts to remove BB2 and BB3 from model solutions and wastewater were made using the following methods: electrocoagulation [37], electrolysis [38], photocatalysis [39], oxidation [40], or sonification [41].…”

Mesoporous Magnetic Cysteine Functionalized Chitosan Nanocomposite for Selective Uranyl Ions Sorption: Experimental, Structural Characterization, and Mechanistic Studies

“…As an alternative to traditional synthetic resins, biosorption and biopolymers such as chitosan and cellulose have recently attracted a lot of attention [1][2][3][4][5]. For water remediation, chitosan-based polymers have been widely investigated [15][16][17]. Chitosan (CT), a reactive biopolymer (amino-polysaccharide obtained by alkaline acetylation of chitin), has received great attention because it is a renewable resource, abundant, and biodegradable [1][2][3][4][5].…”