Chlordecone and organochlorine compound levels in the French West Indies population in 2013–2014

Dereumeaux, Clémentine; Saoudi, Abdessattar; Guldner, Laurence; Pêcheux, Marie-Germaine; Chesneau, Julie; Thomé, Jean-Pierre; Ledrans, Martine; Tertre, Alain Le; Denys, Sébastien; Fillol, Clémence

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-07181-9

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Since 2005, the health authorities have been implementing preventive measures to reduce chlordecone exposure of the population. This has resulted in a reduction in chlordecone exposure, as estimated by blood measurements in the general population ( 8 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, human exposure to chlordecone in the FWI arises from the continuous consumption of contaminated foodstuffs. The analysis of blood samples has shown that a large proportion of the French West Indies population, both infants and adults, are contaminated by chlordecone (1,(6)(7)(8). Chlordecone crosses the human placental barrier, thus exposing the fetus during its development (9,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Utero Chlordecone Exposure and Thyroid, Metabolic, and Sex-Steroid Hormones at the Age of Seven Years: A Study From the TIMOUN Mother-Child Cohort in Guadeloupe

et al. 2021

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BackgroundChlordecone is an endocrine-disrupting chemical with well recognized estrogenic and progestagenic properties. This organochlorine insecticide was extensively used in the French West Indies from 1973 to 1993 to control the banana root borer. Due to its poor degradation in the environment, permanently polluted soil is responsible for the current contamination of the food chain and human beings. We aimed to examine the relationship of in utero exposure to chlordecone and thyroid (thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH], free tri-iodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4]), metabolic (insulin growth-factor 1, leptin, adiponectin), and sex-steroid (dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA], total testosterone [TT], dihydrotestosterone [DHT], estradiol [E2]) hormone levels in children at the age of seven years who participated in TIMOUN, an ongoing birth cohort in Guadeloupe.MethodsChlordecone concentrations were measured in cord-blood at delivery. Thyroid, metabolic, and sex-steroid hormone levels were determined in the blood of children at seven years of age. Associations between in utero chlordecone exposure and hormone levels at seven years of age were assessed by multiple linear or logistic regression, controlling for confounding factors.ResultsAmong the study population (210 boys and 228 girls), chlordecone and hormone measurements were available for 124 boys and 161 girls. We found the third quartile of in utero chlordecone exposure relative to the lowest quartile to be associated with elevated TSH levels in girls and elevated DHEA, TT, and DHT levels in both sexes. Complementary non-linear analysis (spline regression) confirmed a significant non-linear trend for TSH in girls and DHEA and DHT in boys.ConclusionIn utero chlordecone exposure was associated with elevated levels of selected thyroid (TSH) and sex-steroid (DHEA, TT, and DHT) hormones at seven years in a non-monotonic dose response (inverted U) relationship. The implications for future health and reproductive function in puberty and adulthood should be determined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Utero Chlordecone Exposure and Thyroid, Metabolic, and Sex-Steroid Hormones at the Age of Seven Years: A Study From the TIMOUN Mother-Child Cohort in Guadeloupe

et al. 2021

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“…Although CD has not been used in the FWI for more than 25 years, it is still present in the soil due to its very slow degradation in the environment (Cabidoche 2009 ). Such pollution affects approximately one-third of the agricultural land in the FWI (Anses 2017 ), thus contaminating drinking water resources and vegetal and animal foodstuffs (Bocquene and Franco 2005 ; Dubuisson et al 2007 ) and, consequently, most of the human population (Dereumeaux et al 2019 ; Guldner et al 2010 ; Kadhel 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlordecone: development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic tool to support human health risks assessments

Emond

Multigner

2022

Arch Toxicol

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Chlordecone (CD; Kepone™) is a carcinogenic organochlorine insecticide with neurological, reproductive, and developmental toxicity that was widely used in the French West Indies (FWI) from 1973 to 1993 to fight banana weevils. Although CD has not been used there for more than 25 years, it still persists in the environment and has polluted the waterways and soil of current and older banana fields. Today, human exposure to CD in the FWI mainly arises from consuming contaminated foodstuffs. The aims of this study were to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model in the rat and extrapolate it to humans based on available pharmacokinetic data in the literature. A comparison of simulations using the rat model with published experimental datasets showed reasonable predictability for single and repetitive doses, and, thus, it was extrapolated to humans. The human PBPK model, which has seven compartments, is able to simulate the blood concentrations of CD in human populations and estimate the corresponding external dose using the reverse dosimetry approach. The human PBPK model will make it possible to improve quantitative health risk assessments for CD contamination and reassess the current chronic toxicological reference values to protect the FWI population.

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“…From there, CLD reaches the coastline (Crabit et al 2016; Mottes et al 2020), contaminating the entire food chain (crops, farm animals as well as terrestrial, freshwater, and sea wildlife) including humans ( ). The last study performed in 2013-2015 to evaluate the level of impregnation of the FWI population has shown that CLD was present in the blood of over 92% of the inhabitants of Guadeloupe and Martinique (Dereumeaux et al 2020), who fear for their health since CLD is a suspected carcinogen for humans and a known neurotoxic compound and endocrine disruptor which may impact human reproduction (for a review of the health effects, see Multigner et al, 2016). To avoid the CLD contamination of the population by food, the authorities have taken several measures such as the installation of activated carbon lters in the water potabilization plants, the control of the type of cultures authorized in function of the soil contamination levels, ban on shing in all rivers and in coastal areas, closure of most aquaculture farms and increased control of the carcass in slaughterhouses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mixtures containing chlordecone and a dechlorinated by-product on hydra regeneration capacity: use of experimental design to evaluate the toxicity risk associated with remediation programs in long-lasting polluted areas

Moreau

Claeys‐Bruno

Andraud

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Chlordecone (CLD), an obsolete insecticide, used in the French West Indies between 1972 and 1993, is persistent in the environment but can be dechlorinated either chemically or under the action of microorganisms. Therefore, if soil remediation programs based on these processes are implemented in areas still contaminated today, those will see their concentrations of dechlorinated derivatives increase and these compounds will be also found in freshwater by streaming, leaching and erosion processes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, at environmental concentrations, the toxic effects of mixtures of chlordecone and a three-chlorine substituted byproduct. A hydra clone, which has been confirmed to be Hydra vulgaris Pallas, 1766 has been retained for bioassays where the toxicity has been evaluated by regeneration capacity during exposure. Exposure to mixtures is complex to investigate by classical methods, therefore, an experimental design associated to a mathematical model has been used to predict the effects of all the mixtures and to detect the toxic influence of each compound. The predictive model is discussed regarding the stochastic “endocrine disruptor effect” of CLD. At probable environmental concentrations of the compounds in the mixture, results show that impairment of regeneration capacity is explained mostly by the presence of CLD in the mixtures and support the implementation of remediation programs aimed at dechlorination of this persistent organochlorine pesticide.

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Chlordecone and organochlorine compound levels in the French West Indies population in 2013–2014

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

In Utero Chlordecone Exposure and Thyroid, Metabolic, and Sex-Steroid Hormones at the Age of Seven Years: A Study From the TIMOUN Mother-Child Cohort in Guadeloupe

In Utero Chlordecone Exposure and Thyroid, Metabolic, and Sex-Steroid Hormones at the Age of Seven Years: A Study From the TIMOUN Mother-Child Cohort in Guadeloupe

Chlordecone: development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic tool to support human health risks assessments

Effects of mixtures containing chlordecone and a dechlorinated by-product on hydra regeneration capacity: use of experimental design to evaluate the toxicity risk associated with remediation programs in long-lasting polluted areas

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