Chloride binding capacity of pastes influenced by carbonation under three conditions

Chang, Honglei

doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.08.011

Cited by 127 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Then, a silver nitration titration method was employed to test free chloride and total chloride in compliance with the Testing Code JTJ 270-98 [33]. The detailed operation can be found in reference [5,34]. In addition, note that the "free" and "total" chloride mentioned in this research is also referred to as water-soluble and acid-soluble chloride somewhere else, respectively.…”

Section: Marine Environments Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…where β is the proportion of bound chloride content to total chloride content. Moreover, the proportion of bound chloride in total chloride β was obtained with parameter α and Equation (5) to reflect the chloride binding capacity of concrete of different mix proportions more intuitively. The calculated results are presented in Figure 11.…”

Section: Atmosphere Zone (1) Chloride Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, to improve the modern plasticity in youth buildings, Lim [20] probed into the application and property of precast architectural concrete panels. However, studies about the durability and surface appearance evaluation of architectural concrete in marine environments, which helps the acquiring of safety indicators and the controlling of harmful The chloride penetration resistance and carbonation resistance of concrete have been widely investigated [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], which are not needed to be stated extensively. So far, the studies of architectural concrete mainly focus on construction techniques [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Durability and Aesthetics of Architectural Concrete under Chloride Attack or Carbonation

et al. 2020

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Architectural concrete has been wildly used nowadays, and those served in an offshore environment often suffer from chloride penetration and carbonation. To assess the protection and decoration performances of architectural concrete, this study exposed architectural concrete to actual marine environments and accelerated carbonation conditions. The chloride and carbonation resistance of architectural concrete was determined to evaluate the protection performance, and the corresponding surface-color-consistency was adopted to characterize its decoration performance. The results show that the total and free chloride of concrete in the marine atmosphere zone and the tidal zone generally decreases with depth; chloride content arguments significantly with exposure time, with a chloride maximum peak near the surface. Moreover, the chloride diffusion coefficient is small throughout the measurements, indicating the superior chloride resistance of architectural concrete. Furthermore, architectural concrete also possesses excellent carbonation resistance based on the carbonation depth data obtained from the carbonation experiment. Therefore, architecture concrete served as protection covers can withstand both the chloride attack and carbonation tested in this paper. In addition, carbonation was found to have a profound influence on the aesthetics of architectural concrete. Therefore, carbonation should be carefully handled for better maintaining the aesthetic appearance of architectural concrete in long-term service.

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Section: Marine Environments Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Atmosphere Zone (1) Chloride Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Durability and Aesthetics of Architectural Concrete under Chloride Attack or Carbonation

et al. 2020

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“…And D app is significantly greater than D eff with the same w/c. During wetting and drying cycles, the chloride ions in external solution will also react with the hydration products like calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) or AFm in the process of entering matrix and form some bound chlorides [26][27][28][29][30][31]. e forming of bound chloride is a constant course, and its total content will increase with chloride penetration depth and exposure time, which inevitably will reduce free chlorides in pore solution that moves into matrix, retard chloride penetration rate, and render D eff much less than D app .…”

Section: Chloride Diffusion Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Pore Structure on Chloride Penetration in Cement Pastes Subject to Wetting-Drying Cycles

Chang

Zuo

et al. 2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Copious studies have discovered a phenomenon that a chloride concentration peak appears on the surface of concrete under cyclic drying-wetting environments. In such cases, the chloride diffusion coefficient (D) obtained through directly fitting the standard error function of Fick's second law is no longer accurate. e more reliable D obtained by the method proposed by Andrade is employed in this research to investigate the influence of pore structure on chloride penetration rate of pastes. e results show that both the effective coefficient (D eff ) and the apparent coefficient (D app ) increase with total porosity, the most probable pore size, and water absorption porosity, suggesting that the increase of the three pore structure parameters accelerates chloride penetration rate under cyclic wetting-drying condition. e increase of the three parameters makes more room available and eases the difficulty for salt solution to enter the matrix and thus leads to the augmentation of chloride transporting in matrix.

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“…With the development of modern society and technology, more and more huge reinforced concrete (RC) structures have been built in China [1][2][3], such as Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau (HZM) bridge (49.968 km long, in service), Hangzhou Bay bridge (36 km long, in service) and Jiaozhou Bay bridge (36.48 km long, in service). As reinforced concrete sea-crossing bridges service in marine environments, chloride ions penetrate the concrete cover and result in the corrosion of the reinforced bars, thereby causing serious damage to the bridge structures [4][5][6][7][8]. Many problems caused by the corrosion of reinforced bars have been reported all over the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Service Life Prediction of Reinforced Concrete in a Sea-Crossing Railway Bridge in Jiaozhou Bay: A Case Study

Jin

Zhao

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Reinforced bar corrosion induced by chloride ingression is one of the most significant threats to the durability of concrete structures in marine environments. The concrete cover thickness, compressive strength, chloride diffusion coefficient, and surface defects of reinforced concrete in the Jiaozhou Bay sea-crossing railway bridge were measured. The temperature and relative humidity in the concrete and the loading applied onto the reinforced concrete were monitored. Based on the DuraCrete model, a revised model for the service life prediction of concrete structures was established, considering the effects of temperature and loading on the chloride diffusion coefficient. Further, the reliability indexes of the reinforced concrete box girder, pier, and platform, located in the marine and land sections, in relation to service lives lasting various numbers of years, were calculated. The measured and calculated results show that the mean cover thicknesses of concrete piers in the marine and land sections are 52 mm and 36 mm, respectively, and the corresponding standard deviations are 5.21 mm and 3.18 mm, respectively. The mean compressive strengths of concrete in the marine and land sections are 56 MPa and 46 MPa, respectively. The corresponding standard deviations are 2.45 MPa and 2.67 MPa, respectively. The reliability indexes of the reinforced concrete box girder and platform in the marine section, under the condition of a service life of 100 years, are 1.81 and 1.76, respectively. When the corrosion-resistant reinforced bar was used in the pier structure in the marine section, its reliability index increased to 2.01. Furthermore, the reliability index of the reinforced concrete damaged by salt fog in the land section was 1.71. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 3570 2 of 18 in particular, those exposed to marine environments, has been recognized as an effective means to ensure the service life of concrete structures, which has been a focus of researchers and engineers all over the world [11][12][13].Service life prediction modeling has become one of the current major issues in the design of concrete structures. Using the third-moment method, Zhang [14] developed a time-dependent probability assessment for chloride-induced corrosion of RC structures. In order to provide corrective parameters for service life prediction, Li [15] investigated the time-dependent chloride penetration into concrete in marine environments. Considering the effect of the materials' heterogeneity when exposed to a marine tidal zone, Wang [16] developed a service life prediction model. Attari and Mcnally [17] explored a probabilistic assessment of the influence of the age factor on the service life prediction using concrete with limestone cement/ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) binders. Yu [18,19] developed a service life prediction model considering freeze-thaw fatigue, taking into account fly ash and slag. Hackl and Kohler [20] developed a reliability assessment which uses the coupled effect of corrosion initiation and progression to represent th...

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Chloride binding capacity of pastes influenced by carbonation under three conditions

Cited by 127 publications

References 30 publications

Durability and Aesthetics of Architectural Concrete under Chloride Attack or Carbonation

Durability and Aesthetics of Architectural Concrete under Chloride Attack or Carbonation

Influence of Pore Structure on Chloride Penetration in Cement Pastes Subject to Wetting-Drying Cycles

Service Life Prediction of Reinforced Concrete in a Sea-Crossing Railway Bridge in Jiaozhou Bay: A Case Study

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