Chlorinated Ethene Source Remediation: Lessons Learned

Stroo, Hans F.; Leeson, Andrea; Marqusee, Jeffrey A.; Johnson, Paul C.; Ward, C. H.; Kavanaugh, Michael C.; Sale, Tom; Newell, Charles J.; Pennell, Kurt D.; Lebrón, Carmen; Unger, Marvin

doi:10.1021/es204714w

Cited by 196 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…mass remaining), which resulted in a decreased surface area available for dissolution. Similar behavior has been observed in a number of studies, where mass removal efficiency has decreased with extended aggressive mass removal approaches (MacDonald and Kavanaugh 1994, Londergan et al 2001, Childs et al 2006, Stroo et al 2012). …”

Section: Results Of Source Zone Mass Removal From Multicomponent Hetesupporting

confidence: 85%

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Abriola¹,

Miller²,

Pennell³

et al. 2013

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY)2. REPORT TYPE SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTThe overarching goal of this research is to develop and demonstrate a comprehensive approach for field characterization of DNAPL source zones which quantifies the key features that control plume response. Here the intent is to integrate targeted (local-scale) in situ tests with transect-based observations of downstream contaminant flux or concentration and information on subsurface geologic variability. To address its primary goal, the research encompasses the following specific objectives: (1) identification of the most information rich metrics for linking NAPL architecture to plume response; (2) development and refinement of in situ test methods and modeling tools that can be used to quantify identified metrics in targeted regions of the source zone; (3) integration of these metrics and tools with current machine learning characterization methods for an overall source zone assessment protocol; and (4) development of simplified models for prediction of plume response. The research approach integrates batch, column and aquifer cell experiments with mathematical modeling and data processing tools to identify and quantify features of the DNAPL architecture controlling down gradient plume response. SUBJECT TERMSField characterization; Metric identification; DNAPL; SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:No classified information

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Section: Results Of Source Zone Mass Removal From Multicomponent Hetesupporting

confidence: 85%

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Abriola¹,

Miller²,

Pennell³

et al. 2013

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“…hlorinated solvents such as tetra-and trichloroethene (PCE/ TCE) have been among the most common subsurface contaminants in the United States for decades (1,2). In situ bioremediation is an effective, economical, and environmentally friendly technology for treating chlorinated solvents (2,3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ bioremediation is an effective, economical, and environmentally friendly technology for treating chlorinated solvents (2,3). Dehalococcoides mccartyi is the only known bacterium capable of carrying out respiratory reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes to nontoxic ethene and plays a key role in the bioremediation of contaminated groundwater (4,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Growth of Dehalococcoides mccartyi 195 by Corrinoid Salvaging and Remodeling in Defined Lactate-Fermenting Consortia

Men

Seth

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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dCorrinoids are essential cofactors of reductive dehalogenases in Dehalococcoides mccartyi, an important bacterium in bioremediation, yet sequenced D. mccartyi strains do not possess the complete pathway for de novo corrinoid biosynthesis. Pelosinus sp. and Desulfovibrio sp. have been detected in dechlorinating communities enriched from contaminated groundwater without exogenous cobalamin corrinoid. To investigate the corrinoid-related interactions among key members of these communities, we constructed consortia by growing D. mccartyi strain 195 (Dhc195) in cobalamin-free, trichloroethene (TCE)-and lactateamended medium in cocultures with Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) or Pelosinus fermentans R7 (PfR7) and with both in tricultures. Only the triculture exhibited sustainable dechlorination and cell growth when a physiological level of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB), the lower ligand of cobalamin, was provided. In the triculture, DvH provided hydrogen while PfR7 provided corrinoids to Dhc195, and the initiation of dechlorination and Dhc195 cell growth was highly dependent on the growth of PfR7. Corrinoid analysis indicated that Dhc195 imported and remodeled the phenolic corrinoids produced by PfR7 into cobalamin in the presence of DMB. Transcriptomic analyses of Dhc195 showed the induction of the CbiZ-dependent corrinoid-remodeling pathway and BtuFCD corrinoid ABC transporter genes during corrinoid salvaging and remodeling. In contrast, another operon annotated to encode a putative iron/cobalamin ABC transporter (DET1174-DET1176) was induced when cobalamin was exogenously provided. Interestingly, a global upregulation of phage-related genes was observed when PfR7 was present. These findings provide insights into both the gene regulation of corrinoid salvaging and remodeling in Dhc195 when it is grown without exogenous cobalamin and microbe-to-microbe interactions in dechlorinating microbial communities.C hlorinated solvents such as tetra-and trichloroethene (PCE/ TCE) have been among the most common subsurface contaminants in the United States for decades (1, 2). In situ bioremediation is an effective, economical, and environmentally friendly technology for treating chlorinated solvents (2, 3). Dehalococcoides mccartyi is the only known bacterium capable of carrying out respiratory reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes to nontoxic ethene and plays a key role in the bioremediation of contaminated groundwater (4, 5).As cofactors of reductive dehalogenases (RDases), the enzymes responsible for reductive dechlorination, corrinoids (e.g., cobalamin) are essential nutrients for supporting D. mccartyi growth and dechlorination. Genomic analyses of sequenced D. mccartyi strains reveal a lack of complete corrinoid biosynthesis pathways, rendering D. mccartyi incapable of synthesizing corrinoids de novo (6, 7). Exogenous cobalamin (a specific corrinoid also known as vitamin B 12 ) is generally added to grow D. mccartyi in isolation (8). Cobalamin, 5-methylbenzimidazolylcobamide ([5-MeBza]Cba), and 5-methoxyb...

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“…Groundwater contamination, due to the leakage and transport of organics, heavy metals and nitrates has triggered a widespread environmental problem [2,3]. Chlorinated solvents, are common organic contaminants, found at many contaminated sites, Chlorobenzene (CB) is one of the most ubiquitous chlorinated organic compounds found in contaminated groundwater; it is the main component in solvents, heat transfer agents, insect repellent, deodorant and is an intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry, also used during dye and pesticide synthesis [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Fe-Cu/Biochar System for Chlorobenzene Remediation of Groundwater in Inhomogeneous Aquifers

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2017

Water

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Chlorobenzene (CB), as a typical Volatile Organic Contaminants (VOC), is toxic, highly persistent and easily migrates in water, posing a significant risk to human health and subsurface ecosystems. Therefore, exploring effective approaches to remediate groundwater contaminated by CB is essential. As an enhanced micro-electrolysis system for CB-contaminated groundwater remediation, this study attempted to couple the iron-copper bimetal with biochar. Two series of columns using sands with different grain diameters were used, consisting of iron, copper and biochar fillings as the permeable reactive barriers (PRBs), to simulate the remediation of CB-contaminated groundwater in homogeneous and heterogeneous aquifers. Regardless of the presence of homogeneous or heterogeneous porous media, the CB concentrations in the effluent from the PRB columns were significantly lower than the natural sandy columns, suggesting that the iron and copper powders coupled with biochar particles could have a significant removal effect compared to the natural sand porous media in the first columns. CB was transported relatively quickly in the heterogeneous porous media, likely due to the fact that the contaminant residence time is proportional to the infiltration velocities in the different types of porous media. The average effluent CB concentrations from the heterogeneous porous media were lower than those from homogeneous porous media. The heterogeneity retarded the vertical infiltration of CB, leading to its extended lateral distribution. During the treatment process, benzene and phenol were observed as the products of CB degradation. The ultimate CB removal efficiency was 61.4% and 68.1%, demonstrating that the simulated PRB system with the mixture of iron, copper and biochar was effective at removing CB from homogeneous and heterogeneous aquifers.

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Chlorinated Ethene Source Remediation: Lessons Learned

Cited by 196 publications

References 108 publications

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Sustainable Growth of Dehalococcoides mccartyi 195 by Corrinoid Salvaging and Remodeling in Defined Lactate-Fermenting Consortia

Application of Fe-Cu/Biochar System for Chlorobenzene Remediation of Groundwater in Inhomogeneous Aquifers

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