Chlorination of 1,4-polybutadiene

Highly Syndioselective Coordination (Co)Polymerization of para-Chlorostyrene

“…Introducing halogen elements into macromolecular chains can endow the materials with improved properties such as corrosion resistance, heat resistance, flame retardancy, etc., and moreover, the halogen groups can be further transferred into other functionalities. − The chlorinated HDPE exhibits better aging resistance, oil resistance, and antiflame property. , Butyl rubber containing halogen elements exhibit faster vulcanization, lower elastic modulus, high energy absorption, and high compatibility with other rubbers. , Chain-end modification of butadiene-styrene rubber with halogen groups increases its compatibility with polar fillers, which is one of the most efficient ways to fabricate tires with low-rolling resistance and good wet–skid resistance while not sacrificing the wear resistance. − Note that the present method for introducing halogen groups is via postpolymerization modification in which the amount and distribution of halogen groups are difficult to adjust. Therefore, copolymerization with monomers containing a halogen substituent is an alternative choice.…”

Reactive Chlorine Capture by Dichlorination of Alkene Linkers in Metal–Organic Frameworks

“…8 Additionally, the dichlorination of olefin-containing polymers has been employed to generate novel chlorinated polymers, but there are few examples that do not suffer from degradation due to over-chlorination. 9,10 Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline, porous materials assembled from organic linkers and inorganic nodes that are amenable to applications relevant to corrosive gas handling, including their storage, neutralization, and sensing. 11−16 Reactive capture in MOFs via postsynthetic modification is an appealing means to employ MOFs for low-pressure halogen binding.…”

“…However, the highly corrosive nature of Cl 2 makes its selective capture a challenge. , Porous carbons have been previously employed to reversibly sequester gaseous Cl 2 , but their lack of structural tunability makes the introduction of irreversible Cl 2 -reactive sites difficult . Additionally, the dichlorination of olefin-containing polymers has been employed to generate novel chlorinated polymers, but there are few examples that do not suffer from degradation due to over-chlorination. , Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline, porous materials assembled from organic linkers and inorganic nodes that are amenable to applications relevant to corrosive gas handling, including their storage, neutralization, and sensing. − Reactive capture in MOFs via post-synthetic modification is an appealing means to employ MOFs for low-pressure halogen binding. , In addition, the rapid diffusion of Cl 2 through MOF pores and accessibility to all of the alkene linkages make them ideal candidates for irreversible Cl 2 capture compared to non-porous polymers. However, examples of MOFs that retain their crystallinity and accessible porosity after direct exposure to elemental halogens, especially Cl 2 and bromine (Br 2 ), remain relatively rare. ,− For example, exposure of the MOF NH 2 -UiO-66 (UiO = Universitetet i Oslo) to Cl 2 was previously reported to result in a substantial loss in framework crystallinity due to uncontrolled electrophilic aromatic substitution. ,, …”

Rules of exchange in mediaeval plays and play manuscripts

“…The Strassburg version has no indications of action at all or of movement, all rubrics only indicate who is singing, whereas for instance the Fleury ceremony specifies that Herod in his anger throws the biblical book to the ground at the point where his scribes have just read about Bethlehem. 31 Even so, the Fleury text is by no means more removed from the biblical or the liturgical traditions.…”