Chlorine speciation in complex hydrocarbon matrices using GC-ICP-MS/MS

Souchon, Vincent; Maleval, Marc; Chainet, Fabien; Lienemann, Charles-Philippe

doi:10.1039/d3ja00066d

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Among the Cl-species detected, 2-chloroethanol, ethyl chloride, 2-chloroethylbenzoate, heptane, 3-(chloromethyl)- and 2-chloroethanol acetate, ethane, and 1,2-dichloro- were highly abundant across the samples evaluated. In addition to the detected 59 Cl-compounds listed in Table , over 100 potential chlorine-containing compounds (Table S4 in the Supporting Information) that had been observed in other investigations were also monitored. − ,,,− These compounds are relevant for plastic-related materials and plasticizer-derived byproducts. To date, these groups of compounds remain undetected in samples evaluated here but may be found in similar used plastic-derived pyoils contaminated with PVC, PCP, Cl-colorants, Cl-biosides, etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among several organo-chlorine speciation methods, the gas chromatography (GC)-based separation technique stands out as a cost-effective technique capable of separating compounds with high resolution and performing chlorine speciation in the chemical industry. , Various detectors for GC are available such as electron capture detector (ECD), ICP, flame ionization detection (FID), and mass spectrometry (MS), each with different mechanisms, sensitivity, and compound selectivity. Specialized detectors, such as the ECD, halogen-specific detector (XSD), and Hall electrolytic conductivity detector (ELCD), are selective for halogens or chlorine, making them promising candidates for chlorine speciation determination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chlorine Speciation by GC-XSD for the Characterization of Plastic Pyrolysis Oil as a Cracker Feedstock

Giri,

Yan,

Emamjomeh

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Chemical recycling via pyrolysis of plastic is one of the emerging areas to bring valuable used plastic resources into the chemical industry value chain. However, one of the major concerns is the large amount of heteroatom-containing compounds in plastic-derived pyrolysis oil (pyoil), hindering the effective utilization of pyoil as a viable cracker feedstock. Chlorine (Cl) is one such highly unwanted chemical class in pyoil. It can cause critical damage to the cracker and related installations, such as hydrotreaters, due to corrosion. Hence, monitoring the Cl-species in pyoil is critical for understanding the distribution of Cl-species to effectively decontaminate pyoil and protect crackers and hydrotreaters. Therefore, a robust gas chromatography-halogen-specific detector (GC-XSD) method was developed to detect and quantify Cl-species in pyoil. Identification of the Cl-species was corroborated by GC × GC-TOFMS, retention indices, and standards. Validation of 32 Cl-compounds was done for linearity (R 2 ), limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), repeatability, reproducibility, and recovery. The detection limits of the majority of the Cl-species were at a ppm level, which is fit for the purpose of such a characterization of complex pyoil. Recovery studies revealed satisfactory results for the majority of the Clclasses (>90% recovery). Certain Cl-classes including Cl-alcohols and Cl-acids were found to be reactive to native pyoil species, resulting in poor recovery. Major sources of detected Cl-species in diverse pyoils were Cl-containing polymers like PVC, PCP, and Cl-additives. This Cl-monitoring method is a key enabler for determining the dechlorination success and, therefore, the effective integration of cracker and refinery with plastic-derived pyoils as the feedstock.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine Speciation by GC-XSD for the Characterization of Plastic Pyrolysis Oil as a Cracker Feedstock

Giri,

Yan,

Emamjomeh

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The speciation of Cl in complex hydrocarbon mixtures was carried out using GC-ICP-MS/MS with a commercially available heated transfer line to interface the GC instrument to the ICP-MS/MS detector. 85 The chromatographic separation was performed on a HP-INNOWax column (60 m, 0.25 mm, 0.5 μm) using He as the carrier gas and split injection. The GC column outlet was connected via a T piece to a pre-heating line located inside the GC oven to mix the GC carrier gas flow with other gases.…”

Section: Elemental Speciation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%