Chlorogenic Acid and Rutin Play a Major Role in the In Vivo Anti-Diabetic Activity of Morus alba Leaf Extract on Type II Diabetic Rats

Abstract

The leaves of the white mulberry tree (Morus alba L.) are used worldwide in traditional medicine as anti-diabetics. Various constituents of mulberry leaves, such as iminosugars (i.e. 1-deoxynojirimicin), flavonoids and related compounds, polysaccharides, glycopeptides and ecdysteroids, have been reported to exert anti-diabetic activity, but knowledge about their contribution to the overall activity is limited. The objective of the present work was to determine the in vivo anti-diabetic activity of an extract of mulberry leaves (MA), and to examine to what extent three major constituents, chlorogenic acid, rutin and isoquercitrin, might contribute to the observed activity. Quantities of the three constituents of interest in the extract were determined by using HPLC-DAD. Activity was determined by using a type II diabetic rat model. After 11 days of per os administration of 250 or 750 mg/kg of MA or the corresponding amounts of each individual compound, a dose dependent decrease of non-fasting blood glucose levels were found for MA, chlorogenic acid and rutin, but not for isoquercitrin. Based on our results, chlorogenic acid and rutin might account for as much as half the observed anti-diabetic activity of MA, hence they can be considered as excellent markers for the quality control of mulberry products.

Hepatoprotective and antiproliferative activity of moringinine, chlorogenic acid and quercetin

“…[16][17][18][19] At the end of the experiment animals, which survived (seventy four), were sacrificed by decapitation after overnight fasting and blood samples were collected in dry clean glass tube without additives to clot at 37ºC for 20 minutes, and then centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes.…”

Effects of Systemic Chlorogenic Acid on Random-Pattern Dorsal Skin Flap Survival in Diabetic Rats

“…5,54,55) CGA has been reported to modulate blood glucose levels and exhibits protective effects against tissue changes in diabetes. 41) CGA has been shown to exhibit hypoglycemic activity at a 27 mg/kg dosage in streptozotocin diabetic rats within 11 d 24) or 5 mg/kg/day orally for 45 d in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetes. 23) CGA has been proven to show the hypoglycemic effects in diabetes by directly inhibiting the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase, which is involved in glucose metabolism.…”

“…[19][20][21][22][23][24] Experimentally, CGA has been reported to exhibit free-radical scavenging and antagonistic effects against lipid peroxidation in different organs. 11,22,25,26) The effects of topical CGA treatment on an excisional wound model have been investigated recently.…”

Chlorogenic acid prevents acetaminophen-induced liver injury: The involvement of CYP450 metabolic enzymes and some antioxidant signals

“…Therefore, the need for alternative, more effective, and widely applicable antidotes for APinduced liver injury is warranted. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is the major active ingredient found in many traditional Chinese medicines such as Folium mori (Hunyadi et al, 2012) and Flos Lonicerae japonicae (Oku et al, 2011), and it is also abundant in some fruits, dietary vegetables (Kasai et al, 2000;Gavrilova et al, 2011), and daily beverages like coffee (del Rio et al, 2010). CGA has been reported to possess anti-bacterial, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic properties (Kono et al, 1997;dos Santos et al, 2006).…”