Chlorogenic acid attenuates hypertension and improves endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Suzuki, Atsushi; Yamamoto, Naoki; Jokura, Hiroko; Yamamoto, Masaki; Fujii, Akihiko; Tokimitsu, Ichiro; Saito, Ikuo

doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000226196.67052.c0

Cited by 205 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We cannot therefore exclude the fact that the same amount of caffeine might produce additional negative effects on endothelial function when ingested with other commercial beverage preparations different from coffee that do not contain antioxidants (Frary et al, 2005). Both animal (Suzuki et al, 2006) and human (Esposito et al, 2003) studies have shown that antioxidants improve endothelial function. In fact, antioxidants are also present in chocolate, which can be rich in flavanols (polyphenols) known to increase FMD and affect endothelial dysfunction (Grassi et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: Coffee is the most widely consumed beverage in the world, but its effect on the cardiovascular system has not been fully understood. Coffee contains caffeine and antioxidants, which may influence endothelial function, both of which have not yet been investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the acute effects of coffee on endothelial function measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Subjects/Methods: A total of 20 (10 males and 10 females) healthy non-obese subjects underwent a double-blind, crossover study. Subjects ingested one cup of caffeinated (CC) and one cup of decaffeinated (DC) Italian espresso coffee in random order at 5-to 7-day intervals. Results: Following CC ingestion, FMD decreased progressively and significantly (mean±s.e.m.: 0 min, 7.7±0.6; 30 min, 6.3 ± 0.7; 60 min, 6.0 ± 0.8%; ANOVA (analysis of variance), Po0.05), but it did not significantly increase after DC ingestion (0 min, 6.9±0.6; 30 min, 8.1±0.9; 60 min, 8.5±0.9%; P ¼ 0.115). Similarly, CC significantly increased both systolic and diastolic blood pressure; this effect was not observed after DC ingestion. Blood glucose concentrations remained unchanged after ingestion of both CC and DC, but insulin (0 min, 15.8±0.9; 60 min, 15.0±0.8 mU/ml; Po0.05) and C-peptide (0 min, 1.25 ± 0.09; 60 min, 1.18 ± 0.09 ng/ml; Po0.01) blood concentrations decreased significantly only after CC ingestion. Conclusions: CC acutely induced unfavorable cardiovascular effects, especially on endothelial function. In the fasting state, insulin secretion is also likely reduced after CC ingestion. Future studies will determine whether CC has detrimental clinically relevant effects, especially in unhealthy subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects

et al. 2010

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“…15,16 Chlorogenic acids may contribute to these antihypertensive effects. Suzuki et al 24 conducted an experiment in spontaneously hyperactive rats, and hypothesized that the mechanism underlying the hypotensive action of chlorogenic acids is as follows: the ingestion of chlorogenic acids may inhibit the excessive synthesis of ROS, decreasing the blood pressure via improvement in NO availability in vivo and in vascular endothelial function. This hypothesis is supported by results of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hydroxyhydroquinone-reduced coffee on vasoreactivity and blood pressure

et al. 2009

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Recent studies suggest that chlorogenic acids, which are the main components of the polyphenol class in coffee, decrease blood pressure, and that hydroxyhydroquinone (HHQ), which is generated by roasting coffee beans, inhibits the antihypertensive effect of chlorogenic acids in brewed coffee. Here, we examined the vasoreactivity and antihypertensive effects of HHQ-reduced coffee in mild hypertension. The study design was a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled intervention study, with a 4-week run-in period, followed by an 8-week test beverage ingestion period. The subjects were Japanese men and women with mild hypertension and vascular failure, who were not taking any antihypertensive drugs. During the test beverage ingestion period, the subjects ingested either active or placebo HHQ-reduced coffee (chlorogenic acids per 184 ml of coffee: active, 300 mg; and placebo, 0 mg) daily. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: active group (n¼9) and placebo group (n¼12). In the active beverage group, endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilation impairment was significantly ameliorated and systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased from the baseline, but not in the placebo group. There were no test beverage consumption-related changes in other parameters that may influence blood pressure, such as pulse, cardiac output, body weight or 24-h urine volume. Ingestion of the active beverage significantly decreased urinary isoprostane levels, suggesting a reduced oxidative stress. These findings indicate that HHQ-reduced coffee decreased blood pressure in subjects with mild hypertension. The decreased blood pressure was associated with improved vascular endothelial function.

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“…8,9) It is known that CGA has many biological effects, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and antihypertension effects. 10) It has been reported that CGA could suppress inflammatory factors and attenuate remodeling of liver ischemic injury in mice. 11) Although they are well documented, their effects on MI have yet to be investigated.…”

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Chlorogenic Acid Attenuates Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction in Mice

et al. 2013

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SummaryChlorogenic acid (CGA), which is a key component of coffee, has many biological effects such as anti-inflammation activity. However, the effects of CGA on ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia have not been well investigated. To test the hypothesis that CGA can attenuate chronic ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia, we orally administered CGA to murine myocardial ischemia models. Seven to nine week-old C57BL/6 mice were used. A myocardial infarction (MI) model was produced by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) using an 8-0 suture passed under the arteries. These mice were randomly assigned into 4 groups in each experimental model. Some MI mice were supplemented orally with CGA (30 mg/kg/day, MI+CGA group, n = 13) as a CGAtreated MI group, and other MI mice received vehicle (MI+vehicle group, n = 11) as a vehicle-treated MI group. Shamoperated mice without MI also received vehicle (Sham+vehicle group, n = 3) as a sham group, and sham-operated mice without MI received CGA (30 mg/kg/day, Sham+CGA group, n = 8) as a Sham+CGA group. Just before sacrifice on day 14, we measured blood pressure and heart rate and performed echocardiography. We obtained 3 transverse sections per heart for histopathologic examination. There were no differences in body weight, heart rate, or blood pressure among the groups on day 14. The vehicle-treated MI group showed significantly impaired left ventricular contraction compared to the sham-operated group. However, the CGA-treated MI group showed significantly improved ventricular contraction compared to the vehicle-treated MI group. Severe myocardial fibrosis with enhanced macrophage infiltration was observed in the vehicle-treated ischemia group on day 14. CGA attenuated these fibrotic changes with suppressed macrophage infiltration without systemic adverse effects. CGA may effectively suppress chronic ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia because it is critically involved in the suppression of macrophage infiltration. (Int Heart J 2013; 54: 176-180) Key words: Myocardial Ischemia, Coffee, Polyphenols, Inflammation, Cytokine T he mortality rate in patients with coronary arterial disease (CAD), including myocardial infarction (MI), is high. 1) Myocardial necrosis and ventricular remodeling after MI lead to arrhythmia, cardiac rupture, and heart failure. These complications often result in death. Many studies have shown that macrophage related inflammatory responses are increased by myocardial necrosis.2,3) These inflammatory responses lead to an increase in fibroblasts and increased collagen synthesis. 4-7)Chlorogenic acid (8-tetrahydroxycyclohexacarboxylic acid, 3-(3,4-dihydroxycinnamate, CGA) is a key component of coffee. 8,9) It is known that CGA has many biological effects, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and antihypertension effects.10) It has been reported that CGA could suppress inflammatory factors and attenuate remodeling of liver ischemic injury in mice.11) Although they are well documented,...

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Chlorogenic acid attenuates hypertension and improves endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 205 publications

References 36 publications

Acute effects of coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects

Acute effects of coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects

Effects of hydroxyhydroquinone-reduced coffee on vasoreactivity and blood pressure

Chlorogenic Acid Attenuates Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction in Mice

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