Chlorogenic Acid Promotes Autophagy and Alleviates Salmonella Typhimurium Infection Through the lncRNAGAS5/miR-23a/PTEN Axis and the p38 MAPK Pathway

Abstract

Background: Salmonella typhimurium (ST) causes several intestinal diseases. Polyphenols including chlorogenic acid (CGA) inhibit pathogenesis. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of CGA in ST infection. Methods: The intestinal pathological changes and survival rate of ST-infected mice were measured to verify the protection of CGA on ST infection. The antibacterial effects of CGA in vitro on the invasion to intestinal epithelial cells and autophagy was evaluated. The relationships among GAS5, miR-23a, and PTEN were verified. Expression of inflammation-and autophagy-related proteins was detected. Results: CGA treatment alleviated pathological damage, improved the secretion disturbance of intestinal cytokines caused by ST infection, and reduced the mortality of mice. Intestinal GAS5 was upregulated after CGA treatment. LncRNA GAS5 competitively bound to miR-23a to upregulate PTEN and inhibit the p38 MAPK pathway. CGA regulated the p38 MAPK pathway through lncRNA GAS5/miR-23a/PTEN axis to promote autophagy in ST infection. The functional rescue experiments of miR-23a and PTEN further identified these effects. Conclusion: CGA promotes autophagy and inhibits ST infection through the GAS5/miR-23a/PTEN axis and the p38 MAPK pathway.

LncRNA MEG3 regulates ASK1/JNK axis-mediated apoptosis and autophagy via sponging miR-23a in yak granulosa cells

“…No studies have shown the lack of evidence regarding the effect of miR-23a on GCs autophagy. However, our ndings suggests that miR-23a increase autophagy levels in yak GCs and this is consistent with previous report that miR-23a promotes autophagy in other cellular functions (Wang et al 2021;Tan et al 2020;Ganesan et al 2019;Li et al 2018;Si et al 2018). Thus, LncRNA MEG3 promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in yak GCs by reducing miR-23a expression.…”

Vibrio splendidus flagellin C binds tropomodulin to induce p38 MAPK-mediated p53-dependent coelomocyte apoptosis in Echinodermata

“…The MAPK family is reported to be induced and activated by the flagellin present in many bacterial species, including S. typhimurium , Streptococcus enteritidis , Streptococcus aureus , and Yersinia pestis ( 46 , 47 , 48 ). To elucidate the molecular mechanism behind FliC/AjTmod-mediated coelomocyte apoptosis, we assessed the protein and phosphorylation levels of the mediators of three MAPK signaling pathways (p38, JNK, and ERK) after AJ01 and flagellum treatments.…”

LncRNA growth arrest specific transcript 5 inhibits the growth of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors via miR-27a-5p/cylindromatosis axis

“…Increasing evidence revealed that lncRNA GAS5 functions as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) through sponging miRNAs to prevent miRNAs from binding with their target mRNAs [ 11 , 18 ]. RegRNA 2.0 database ( http://regrna2.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/ ) was used to identify that lncRNA GAS5 harbored one conjectural binding site of miR-27a-5p ( Figure 3a ).…”