Chlorophyll Fluorescence-Based Studies of Frost Damage and the Tolerance for Cold-Induced Photoinhibition in Freezing Tolerance Analysis of Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack)

Rapacz, Marcin; Sasal, Monika; Gut, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.2011.00472.x

Cited by 36 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Few studies which sought suitable cold tolerance phenotyping methods with triticale concluded that appreciable variation exists in triticale for this trait (e.g. Hömmö 1994;Rapacz et al 2011). It is therefore clear that cold hardy triticale must be produced with cold hardy wheat parents and that the rye genome component per se is no assurance for triticale cold tolerance.…”

Section: Coldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The abiotic stress response and adaptation of triticale — A review

Blum¹

2014

Cereal Research Communications

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After a decade of genetic manipulation and improvement, triticale stand out as a crop of high biomass and grain yield potential which generally surpass that of wheat. Its high productivity is most likely derived from high rates of carbon assimilation linked to stomatal physiology and probably low respiration rate. Being a derivative of rye, triticale has always been assumed to be relatively resistant to abiotic stress. The last review of triticale adaptation to abiotic stress as published by Jessop (1996) pointed at its general and specific fitness to harsh growing conditions. This review as based on additional data published in the last 20 years indicates that triticale retain good to excellent adaptation to conditions of limited water supply and problem soils which involve salinity, low pH, defined mineral toxicities and deficiencies and waterlogging. Despite the understandable expectations, freezing tolerance of triticale was not found to be up to the level of rye. The freezing tolerance of the rye complement in triticale is inhibited by unknown factors on the wheat parent genome. Any given triticale cultivar or selection cannot be taken a priori as being stress resistant. Research has repeatedly shown that triticale presented large genetic diversity for abiotic stress resistance and most likely this diversity has not yet been fully explored due to the very limited research and the small studied sample of the potential triticale germplasm. Triticale is a valuable stress tolerant cereal on its own accord and a potential genetic resource for breeding winter and spring cereals. Because of its high productivity and resilience it might become as important as wheat or better on a global scale if its grain technological quality will be improved to the level of wheat.

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Section: Coldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The abiotic stress response and adaptation of triticale — A review

Blum¹

2014

Cereal Research Communications

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“…For example, 32.4 % of the acreage sown to winter wheat was lost to winter injury during a severe winter in 2011/2012 according to the Central Statistical Office of Poland (GUS), representing a loss of approximately 6 billion Euros (GUS 2012). Chlorophyll fluorescence-based techniques have been developed as reliable, non-invasive and easy-to-use tools for the estimation of freezing tolerance (Rizza et al 2001;Rapacz 2007;Rapacz and Woź-niczka 2009;Rapacz et al 2011). Chlorophyll fluorescence induction transient analysis (JIP-test) provides a useful approach for researchers to obtain indirect information regarding the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This premise was previously established using chlorophyll fluorescence-based tests of freezing tolerance. A very high correlation between chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, affected by thylakoid membrane damage, was observed in winter wheat and triticale when measurements were taken shortly after freezing and subsequent thawing (Rapacz 2007;Rapacz et al 2011). On the other hand, significant correlations between freezing tolerance and F v /F m , considered as a secondary, photoinhibition-related indicator of freeze damage, was observed when F v /F m was measured after plants were given a period of time to recover from exposure to freezing temperatures (Rapacz 2007;Rizza et al 2001Rizza et al , 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and indirect measurements of freezing tolerance: advantages and limitations

2015

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The freezing tolerance of 69 accessions of field-grown, common wheat (Triticum aestivum) was assessed in three consecutive winters. To measure freezing tolerance directly, field-grown plants were subjected to a range of freezing temperatures in a controlled environment and plant regrowth was subsequently assessed. Indirect assessments of freezing tolerance, as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence transient measurements followed by a JIP-test (an in vivo measurement of the adaptive behavior of the photosynthetic apparatus), were performed on detached leaves frozen at the same time as whole plants. Both direct and indirect tests were also used on plants cold acclimated in the laboratory. These results were compared with results of a field survival study performed at seven experimental sites. An analysis of the data indicated that only some of the JIP-test parameters were suitable for the prediction of freezing tolerance and winter survival. Estimates of cold hardiness were very similar, regardless of the experimental year, but were dependent on the method of cold acclimation and time of sampling. Indirect measurements of cold hardiness were more in line with the field survival data for field-cold-acclimated plants sampled in mid-winter than for plants that were either sampled earlier or cold acclimated in the laboratory. Indirect measurements taken on leaves that had not frozen failed to provide accurate estimates of cold hardiness. Our observations, together with previously reported findings, indicate that cold acclimation under natural field conditions activates a greater array of freezing tolerance mechanisms than cold acclimation performed in under controlled environmental conditions in a laboratory.

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“…Fluorescence measurements have been used for wheat to characterise leaf nitrogen (Bürling et al 2011;FernandezJaramillo et al 2012), and water stress (Bürling et al 2013). Chlorophyll fluorescence has been shown to relate to freezing tolerance assessments in leaves from wheat (leaves frozen at À158C) in Rapacz and Wozniczka (2009), and triticale (leaves frozen at air temperatures from À58C to À208C) in Rapacz et al (2011). Rizza et al (2001) measured the ratio of variable over maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) in young oat plants across a range of winter and spring varieties, hardening treatments (preexposure to cold temperatures), a range of freezing temperatures, and days following the freezing event.…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-field methods for rapid detection of frost damage in Australian dryland wheat during the reproductive and grain-filling phase

Perry¹,

Nuttall²,

Wallace³

et al. 2017

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Abstract. Frost damage causes significant production losses and costs to Australian dryland wheat, and frost impacts are not expected to decline in the near future, despite global warming. Rapid estimation of frost damage to crops on a spatial basis would allow for timely management decisions to reduce the economic impact of frost events. In this paper, we take a first step in evaluating the utility of hyperspectral reflectance and active light fluorescence for detecting frost damage to wheat during its reproductive phase. Two experiments were conducted immediately after the first observation of frost damage, (i) in 2006, five plots in an existing trial were opportunistically subdivided to take spectral reflectance measurements on frost damaged plants along with yield measurements, and (ii) in 2015, a transect across 31 rows within a commercial paddock was established to evaluate spectral reflectance, fluorometer measurements, and yield along a gradient from non-frosted to frost damaged plants. The results of the hyperspectral reflectance data appeared variable in response across the two experimental sites where frost was observed in-crop. In 2006, hyperspectral-derived indices showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between measurements of frosted and non-frosted canopies, but this was not the case for observations taken in 2015, where the mean response was reversed between experimental sites for several of the indices. In contrast, fluorometer measurements in the 2015 trial resulted in higher correlations with yield and observed frost damage compared with the reflectance measurements. Seven of the nine fluorometer indices evaluated were correlated with yield (used as an indicator of frost damage) at P < 0.01. An index of compounds which absorbs at 375 nm, FLAV, had the best correlation coefficients of 0.91 and 0.90 for the two dates in 2015. The fluorescence index FLAV was selected to evaluate whether it could be used to classify the canopy as frost affected or not, using discriminant analysis for the 2015 transect data. The overall classification accuracy, defined as the number of correctly classified measurements (57) divided by the total number (62) was 92%. The present study was not able to provide insight into how rapidly the sensors could detect frost damage before detection with the naked eye, as the survey data constituted a transect based on early visual symptoms, however this study does provide important insight into what sensors and/or indices may be sensitive to 'seeing' early frost damage in-crop. The next steps, which build on this work and need to be resolved are (i) what is the nominal scale of measurements required, and for which portions of the plant canopy? (ii) How robust (over space and time) are any relationships between frost damage and index response? (iii) Can frost damage be detected before the onset of visual damage?

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Chlorophyll Fluorescence-Based Studies of Frost Damage and the Tolerance for Cold-Induced Photoinhibition in Freezing Tolerance Analysis of Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack)

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

The abiotic stress response and adaptation of triticale — A review

The abiotic stress response and adaptation of triticale — A review

Direct and indirect measurements of freezing tolerance: advantages and limitations

In-field methods for rapid detection of frost damage in Australian dryland wheat during the reproductive and grain-filling phase

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