CHLOROPLAST‐DNA VARIATION AND MULTIPLE ORIGINS OF AUTOPOLYPLOIDY IN
            <i>HEUCHERA MICRANTHA</i>
            (SAXIFRAGACEAE)

Soltis, Douglas E.; Soltis, Pamela S.; Ness, Bryan D.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb04260.x

Cited by 71 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…Studies of polyploid taxa have documented multiple origins of polyploidy in at least 40 species, including both autopolyploids and allopolyploids [ 55 – 61 ]. Autotetraploid lineages often arise from more than a single individual in many species, so research on single-origin autopolyploid species is rarely reported (but see A. arenosa [ 62 ] and sweet potato [ 7 ]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic insights into biased allele loss and increased gene numbers after genome duplication in autotetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus

Zhang

et al. 2023

BMC Biol

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Background Autopolyploidy is a valuable model for studying whole-genome duplication (WGD) without hybridization, yet little is known about the genomic structural and functional changes that occur in autopolyploids after WGD. Cyclocarya paliurus (Juglandaceae) is a natural diploid–autotetraploid species. We generated an allele-aware autotetraploid genome, a chimeric chromosome-level diploid genome, and whole-genome resequencing data for 106 autotetraploid individuals at an average depth of 60 × per individual, along with 12 diploid individuals at an average depth of 90 × per individual. Results Autotetraploid C. paliurus had 64 chromosomes clustered into 16 homologous groups, and the majority of homologous chromosomes demonstrated similar chromosome length, gene numbers, and expression. The regions of synteny, structural variation and nonalignment to the diploid genome accounted for 81.3%, 8.8% and 9.9% of the autotetraploid genome, respectively. Our analyses identified 20,626 genes (69.18%) with four alleles and 9191 genes (30.82%) with one, two, or three alleles, suggesting post-polyploid allelic loss. Genes with allelic loss were found to occur more often in proximity to or within structural variations and exhibited a marked overlap with transposable elements. Additionally, such genes showed a reduced tendency to interact with other genes. We also found 102 genes with more than four copies in the autotetraploid genome, and their expression levels were significantly higher than their diploid counterparts. These genes were enriched in enzymes involved in stress response and plant defense, potentially contributing to the evolutionary success of autotetraploids. Our population genomic analyses suggested a single origin of autotetraploids and recent divergence (~ 0.57 Mya) from diploids, with minimal interploidy admixture. Conclusions Our results indicate the potential for genomic and functional reorganization, which may contribute to evolutionary success in autotetraploid C. paliurus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic insights into biased allele loss and increased gene numbers after genome duplication in autotetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus

Zhang

et al. 2023

BMC Biol

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Allium ursinum L. in Germany – surprisingly low genetic variability

2012

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Allium ursinum s.l. is a widely spread species of the herb layer in beech forests throughout Europe. Little is known about its phylogenetic origin and its biogeographic history. Molecular genetic analyses of eleven populations from Germany were used to clarify the relationship between populations of A. ursinum s.l. and its relationship to several other species of the genus Allium. The study focused mainly on the Teutoburg Forest in Lower Saxony and the Franconian mountain area in Bavaria. Sequences of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer ITS, and the external transcribed spacer ETS, as well as the plastidic trn L‐rpl 32 and the trn L‐trn F spacer regions were compared. No variation was detected within the species. Even sequences of populations from Belfast, Ireland did not differ from populations of Germany. The closest relative to Allium ursinum s.l. turned out to be Allium moly or Allium scorzonerifolium from the section Molium. Random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting was performed and revealed 29% polymorphic bands. Genetic distances of the populations within the Teutoburg Forest coincided with geographical distances. Three populations (Osnabrück Westerberg, Osnabrück Honeburg and Leer, East Frisia) out of eleven analysed populations were identified as garden escapes. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Molecular Divergence Between Asian and North American Species of Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae) With Implications for Interpretation of Fossil Floras

Parks

Wendel

1990

American J of Botany

155

132

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Botanists have long been aware of the floristic similarities between eastern Asia and eastern North America. Most who have considered this classic disjunction pattern have suggested that it arose through range disruption of a flora that was once more widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. There is less agreement on the timing of this process, with suggestions ranging from the Paleocene to the Neogene. In this study, molecular markers from two different plant genomes were used to assess the degree of genetic divergence between the two interfertile, morphologically similar species of the genus Liriodendron, i.e., L. tulipifera and L. chinense. Resulting molecular divergence estimates were translated into approximate dates of separation, independent of evidence from the fossil record. Allozyme data (Nei's genetic identity = 0.434) suggested a divergence time of 10–16 million years before present, whereas sequence divergence in the plastid genomes (1.24%) led to an estimate of approximately 11–14 million years before present. A review of the paleobotanical literature indicated that the fossil floras that included, or might have included Liriodendron could not have survived in Beringia after the late Miocene and the onset of southward‐migrating Arctic air masses on the North American continent. This interpretation suggests a minimum time of separation of approximately 13 million years before present. Thus, both molecular data sets and the paleobotanical evidence concur in suggesting a divergence time of 10–16 million years before present. Interspecific compatibility and relative morphological stasis must have, therefore, persisted from at least the late Miocene. We emphasize the need for similar studies in other genera, especially those that have both a reasonable Tertiary fossil history and extant species in mesic temperate refugia in Asia, Europe, and western as well as eastern North America.

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CHLOROPLAST‐DNA VARIATION AND MULTIPLE ORIGINS OF AUTOPOLYPLOIDY IN HEUCHERA MICRANTHA (SAXIFRAGACEAE)

Cited by 71 publications

References 51 publications

Genomic insights into biased allele loss and increased gene numbers after genome duplication in autotetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus

Genomic insights into biased allele loss and increased gene numbers after genome duplication in autotetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus

Allium ursinum L. in Germany – surprisingly low genetic variability

Molecular Divergence Between Asian and North American Species of Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae) With Implications for Interpretation of Fossil Floras

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