Chloroplasts of Monoploid and Diploid Oenothera hookeri

Lee, Lily P.; Hecht, Adolph

doi:10.2307/2441861

Cited by 7 publications

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“…The haploid status of a plant can be confirmed using any of a variety of methods. These include direct measurement of the chromosome number using conventional cytological techniques and measurement of the DNA content using flow cytometry (Bohanec, 2003), and indirect methods based on guard cell and plastid dimensions (Lee and Hecht, 1975; Qin and Rotino, 1995; Yuan et al. , 2009).…”

Section: Identification Of Haploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haploids in flowering plants: origins and exploitation

Dunwell

2010

Plant Biotechnology Journal

364

277

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SummaryThe first haploid angiosperm, a dwarf form of cotton with half the normal chromosome complement, was discovered in 1920, and in the ninety years since then such plants have been identified in many other species. They can occur either spontaneously or can be induced by modified pollination methods in vivo, or by in vitro culture of immature male or female gametophytes. Haploids represent an immediate, one-stage route to homozygous diploids and thence to F 1 hybrid production. The commercial exploitation of heterosis in such F 1 hybrids leads to the development of hybrid seed companies and subsequently to the GM revolution in agriculture. This review describes the range of techniques available for the isolation or induction of haploids and discusses their value in a range of areas, from fundamental research on mutant isolation and transformation, through to applied aspects of quantitative genetics and plant breeding. It will also focus on how molecular methods have been used recently to explore some of the underlying aspects of this fascinating developmental phenomenon.

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Section: Identification Of Haploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haploids in flowering plants: origins and exploitation

Dunwell

2010

Plant Biotechnology Journal

364

277

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“…For non-permanent translocation heterozygotes, haploid lines are reported with a spontaneous frequency of 0.1 – 0.2% ( Davis and Kulkarni, 1930 ; Harte, 1973 ). Additionally they can be induced by X-ray treatment ( Linnert, 1950 ; Harte, 1972 ), or by performing wide interspecific crosses (e.g., Gates, 1929 ; Steiner, 1952 ; Schwemmle and Simson, 1956 ; Lee and Hecht, 1975 ; Harte, 1994 ; and references therein). Haploid material can be converted to double-haploid lines by colchicination (e.g., Oehlkers, 1940 ; Linnert, 1950 ; Lee and Hecht, 1975 ).…”

Section: Vegetative Propagation Induction Of Polyploidy and Modifiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing evening primroses (Oenothera)

Greiner

Köhl

2014

Front. Plant Sci.

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The model plant Oenothera has contributed significantly to the biological sciences and it dominated the early development of plant genetics, cytogenetics, and evolutionary biology. The great advantage of using Oenothera as a model system is a large body of genetic, cytological, morphological, and ecological information collected over more than a century. The Oenothera system offers a well-studied taxonomy, population structure, and ecology. Cytogenetics and formal genetics at the population level are extensively developed, providing an excellent basis to study evolutionary questions. Further, Oenothera is grown as an oil seed crop for the production of essential fatty acids (gamma-linoleic acid) and is considered to be a medicinal plant due to its many pharmaceutically active secondary metabolites, such as ellagitannins. Although Oenothera has been cultivated as a laboratory organism since the end of the 19th century, there is a substantial lack of literature dealing with modern greenhouse techniques for the genus. This review compiles an overview about the growth requirements for the genus Oenothera, with a special focus on its genetically best-studied subsections Oenothera and Munzia. Requirements for greenhouse, field, and agronomic cultures are presented, together with information on substrate types, pest control, as well as vegetative and seed propagation, cross pollination, harvest, and seed storage. Particular aspects like germination, bolting, and flowering induction in taxonomically diverse material are reviewed. Methods recommended are supported by ecological and experimental data. An overview of the possibilities for wide hybridization and polyploidy induction in the genus is given. Germplasm resources are referenced. In summary, a comprehensive guideline for successful laboratory cultivation of Oenothera species is provided.

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Gametic embryogenesis and haploid technology as valuable support to plant breeding

2011

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Plant breeding is focused on continuously increasing crop production to meet the needs of an ever-growing world population, improving food quality to ensure a long and healthy life and address the problems of global warming and environment pollution, together with the challenges of developing novel sources of biofuels. The breeders' search for novel genetic combinations, with which to select plants with improved traits to satisfy both farmers and consumers, is endless. About half of the dramatic increase in crop yield obtained in the second half of the last century has been achieved thanks to the results of genetic improvement, while the residual advance has been due to the enhanced management techniques (pest and disease control, fertilization, and irrigation). Biotechnologies provide powerful tools for plant breeding, and among these ones, tissue culture, particularly haploid and doubled haploid technology, can effectively help to select superior plants. In fact, haploids (Hs), which are plants with gametophytic chromosome number, and doubled haploids (DHs), which are haploids that have undergone chromosome duplication, represent a particularly attractive biotechnological method to accelerate plant breeding. Currently, haploid technology, making possible through gametic embryogenesis the single-step development of complete homozygous lines from heterozygous parents, has already had a huge impact on agricultural systems of many agronomically important crops, representing an integral part in their improvement programmes. The aim of this review was to provide some background, recent advances, and future prospective on the employment of haploid technology through gametic embryogenesis as a powerful tool to support plant breeding.

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Chloroplasts of Monoploid and Diploid Oenothera hookeri

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Haploids in flowering plants: origins and exploitation

Haploids in flowering plants: origins and exploitation

Growing evening primroses (Oenothera)

Gametic embryogenesis and haploid technology as valuable support to plant breeding

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