Chloroquine and Onchocerciasis

Guderian, RonaldH.; Williams, J. F.; Mackenzie, C. D.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)91823-4

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…First, the sensitivity of skin-snip results based on two snips may be rather poor, especially in areas where the intensity of infection is low (Taylor et al 1989). In addition, it has been suggested that chloroquine might have an action against microfilariae (Guderian et al 1986). In our population recent chloroquine use (reported) was associated with a 20% reduction in the risk of being skin-snip positive (P<0.0001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In addition, questions were asked concerning the following potential risk factors for OND: history of CSM, use of DEC, consumption of cassava, and consumption of locally brewed alcohol. Individuals were also asked about chloroquine use since it has been suggested that chloroquine may have an action against microfilariae (Guderian et al 1986). Following the census these communities were revisited by a team including seven ophthalmic nurses and two ophthalmologists.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Risk factors for optic nerve disease in communities mesoendemic for savannah onchocerciasis, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Yahaya

Murdoch

Samaila

et al. 1997

Tropical Med Int Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryOphthalmic examinations on 6831 individuals aged 5 years or more, living in 34 guinea savannah communities mesoendemic for onchocerciasis, in Kaduna State, Nigeria, revealed a relatively high prevalence (9%) of optic nerve disease (OND). Further investigations were performed to determine what proportion of this burden of OND might be due to onchocercal infection. Information on history of cerebro-spinal meningitis (CSM), past use of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and chloroquine, consumption of cassava and locally produced alcohol was collected for all individuals by questioning. In addition, a nested case-control study of 81 cases of OND and 136 age and sex-matched controls was performed to investigate whether syphilis or a variety of other neurological disorders were responsible for a substantial proportion of cases of OND. Our data suggest that in this population, onchocercal infection is the single most important cause of OND and may account for 50% of all cases. Some 13% of cases were associated with signs suggestive of glaucoma. DEC use might be responsible for up to 30% of all OND. We found no evidence to suggest that any of the following are important causes of OND in the communities studied: CSM, syphilis, neurological syndromes such as polyneuropathy or other generalized neurological disease, consumption of raw cassava, consumption of locally prepared alcohol. keywords optic nerve disease, onchocerciasis, risk factors, diethylcarbamazine, chloroquine, neurological disease correspondence S. N. Cousens,

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for optic nerve disease in communities mesoendemic for savannah onchocerciasis, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Yahaya

Murdoch

Samaila

et al. 1997

Tropical Med Int Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To our knowledge most of the studies dealing with the inhibitory effect of chloroquine on metabolic pathways of carbohydrate have been performed in parasites (Guderian et al 1986;Vande Waa et al 1989a). The present study provides new information regarding the effect of chloroquine treatment in rat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chloroquine on Some Carbohydrate Metabolic Pathways: Contents of GHS, Ascorbate and Lipid Peroxidation in the Rat

Abdel-Gayoum

Haider

Tash

et al. 1992

Pharmacology & Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adult male rats were treated intraperitoneally with chloroquine (5 mg/kg/day) for 9 days. A reduction in the fasting plasma glucose level by 17.6% and ascorbic acid by 45% were discernable. The treatment caused significant increase in liver lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and reduced the activity of succinate dehydrogenase enzyme. Chloroquine also caused significant reductions in the contents of reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid in the brain and erythrocytes with a significant increase in lipid peroxidation.

show abstract

“…Chloroquine (CAS 54-05-7) has been used extensively for over 40 years in the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria [1] but its use was later extended to treatment of many disorders. It is used in the treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda [2], eosinophilic fasciitis [3], insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [4], rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus [5], amoebic hepatitis [6] and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chloroquine on Glucose Metabolism

Gaafar

Khedr²,

Bashandy³

et al. 2011

Arzneimittelforschung

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The long- and short-term effects of chloroquine (CAS 54-05-7) on glucose metabolism in rats were assessed. The long-term chronic chloroquine administration (5 and 10 mg/kg b.w. 6 days a week for 6 months) caused a decrease in serum glucose, insulin, calcium, potassium and protein levels, while the glucagon level increased. The short-term acute effect of chloroquine administration (10 mg/kg b.w. 6 days for one week) caused an improvement in glucose tolerance as shown by the decrease in glucose and insulin curves after an oral glucose tolerance test. This was accompanied by an increase in insulin activity, corrected insulin response, and glucose tolerance parameter and a decrease in glucose and insulin areas. Lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities were increased, too, indicating an increase which provides the needed energy for overcoming the injurious effect of chloroquine.

show abstract

Chloroquine and Onchocerciasis

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Risk factors for optic nerve disease in communities mesoendemic for savannah onchocerciasis, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Risk factors for optic nerve disease in communities mesoendemic for savannah onchocerciasis, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Effect of Chloroquine on Some Carbohydrate Metabolic Pathways: Contents of GHS, Ascorbate and Lipid Peroxidation in the Rat

Effect of Chloroquine on Glucose Metabolism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About