Chlorpheniramine Maleate Displays Multiple Modes of Antiviral Action Against SARS-CoV-2: A Mechanistic Study

Elshaier, Yaseen A. M. M.; Mostafa, Ahmed; Valerio-Pascua, Fernando; Tesch, Mari L.; Costin, Joshua M.; Rahaghi, Franck F.

doi:10.1101/2023.08.28.554806

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Particularly, of the top nine substances with VIP scores exceeding 2, seven presented high quantitative values during MeOH extraction ( Figure 3 C). Among these seven compounds, four were fatty-acid-related substances (i.e., sphingosine (d18:1), dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid ethyl ester, palmitoyl sphingomyelin, and palmitoylcarnitine), while two included the strongly hydrophobic drugs donepezil [ 44 ] and chlorpheniramine [ 45 ], which primarily exhibit hydrophobic interactions. These findings suggest that advantages such as efficiency, rapid analysis, and the analysis of a broad range of substances in a single run may be beneficial for the profiling of hydrophilic metabolites, compared to multi-step processes, including lipid extraction procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing MS-Based Multi-Omics: Comparative Analysis of Protein, Metabolite, and Lipid Extraction Techniques

Mok,

Joo,

Cho

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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Multi-omics integrates diverse types of biological information from genomic, proteomic, and metabolomics experiments to achieve a comprehensive understanding of complex cellular mechanisms. However, this approach is also challenging due to technical issues such as limited sample quantities, the complexity of data pre-processing, and reproducibility concerns. Furthermore, existing studies have primarily focused on technical performance assessment and the presentation of modified protocols through quantitative comparisons of the identified protein counts. Nevertheless, the specific differences in these comparisons have been minimally investigated. Here, findings obtained from various omics approaches were profiled using various extraction methods (methanol extraction, the Folch method, and Matyash methods for metabolites and lipids) and two digestion methods (filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) and suspension traps (S-Trap)) for resuspended proteins. FASP was found to be more effective for the identification of membrane-related proteins, whereas S-Trap excelled in isolating nuclear-related and RNA-processing proteins. Thus, FASP may be suitable for investigating the immune response and bacterial infection pathways, whereas S-Trap may be more effective for studies focused on the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, regarding the choice of extraction method, the single-phase method identified organic compounds and compounds related to fatty acids, whereas the two-phase extraction method identified more hydrophilic compounds such as nucleotides. Lipids with strong hydrophobicity, such as ChE and TG, were identified in the two-phase extraction results. These findings highlight that significant differences among small molecules are primarily identified due to the varying polarities of extraction solvents. These results, obtained by considering variables such as human error and batch effects in the sample preparation step, offer comprehensive and detailed results not previously provided by existing studies, thereby aiding in the selection of the most suitable pre-processing approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing MS-Based Multi-Omics: Comparative Analysis of Protein, Metabolite, and Lipid Extraction Techniques

Mok,

Joo,

Cho

et al. 2024

Metabolites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Mitigating the risks of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) with intranasal chlorpheniramine: perspectives from the ACCROS studies

Valerio-Pascua,

Baires,

Sekhon

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the end of the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) global public health emergency on May 5, 2023, but its long-term consequences have still been haunting the global population. Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) and long-term COVID-19 are serious concerns and present with various symptoms. Intranasal chlorpheniramine (iCPM) has been shown to decrease the viral burden of SARS-COV-2. iCPM uses decreased COVID-19 disease progression and severity in Accelerating COVID-19 Clinical Recovery in an Outpatient Setting (ACROSS)-I & III randomized control trials (RCT). Methods This prospective survey study included 259 participants in ACROSS I and III RCTs. We compared the effect of iCPM versus placebo on the reduction of PASC symptoms. A PASC questionnaire containing 17 questions regarding the most common PASC symptoms was used in this study. T-test and Pearson chi-square statistics were performed according to continuous and categorical data using STATA 17.0 Basic Edition software. Findings The iCPM cohort had a lower proportion of patients with fatigue or tiredness vs. placebo (0 Vs 17, 21, p < 0.001). iCPM cohort had a lower proportion of patients with difficulty concentrating or mental confusion (0 vs. 22, 27, p < 0.001). iCPM cohort had also a lower number of patients with difficulty in the ability to perform daily activities or work vs. placebo (1 Vs 38, 48, p < 0.001). A smaller number of patients in the iCPM cohort sought medical attention for PACS symptoms compared to placebo (0 vs. 48, 68, p < 0.001). Interpretation The use of intranasal chlorpheniramine shows promise in preventing COVID-19 progression to the often-debilitating post-COVID-19 syndrome PASC. The association between iCPM use and a lower prevalence of PASC symptoms is strong. Further studies are needed to establish the role of ICPM in preventing PASC.

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Chlorpheniramine Maleate Displays Multiple Modes of Antiviral Action Against SARS-CoV-2: A Mechanistic Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Optimizing MS-Based Multi-Omics: Comparative Analysis of Protein, Metabolite, and Lipid Extraction Techniques

Optimizing MS-Based Multi-Omics: Comparative Analysis of Protein, Metabolite, and Lipid Extraction Techniques

Mitigating the risks of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) with intranasal chlorpheniramine: perspectives from the ACCROS studies

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