Chocolate consumption modulates cytokine production in healthy individuals

Netea, Stejara A.; Janssen, Sam A.; Jaeger, Martin; Jansen, Trees; Jacobs, Liesbeth; Miller-Tomaszewska, Gosia; Plantinga, Theo S.; Netea, Mihai G.; Joosten, Leo A. B.

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2013.02.003

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cumin, a spice commonly used in Indian cuisine, reduces expression of inflammatory cytokines CXL-1 and−2, TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 (220, 221). Chocolate increases IL-10 and IL-1β (222). Clearly, cytokines can be affected by a huge number of variables unrelated to disease.…”

Section: Peripheral Cytokines In Me/cfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroinflammation and Cytokines in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): A Critical Review of Research Methods

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is the label given to a syndrome that can include long-term flu-like symptoms, profound fatigue, trouble concentrating, and autonomic problems, all of which worsen after exertion. It is unclear how many individuals with this diagnosis are suffering from the same condition or have the same underlying pathophysiology, and the discovery of biomarkers would be clarifying. The name “myalgic encephalomyelitis” essentially means “muscle pain related to central nervous system inflammation” and many efforts to find diagnostic biomarkers have focused on one or more aspects of neuroinflammation, from periphery to brain. As the field uncovers the relationship between the symptoms of this condition and neuroinflammation, attention must be paid to the biological mechanisms of neuroinflammation and issues with its potential measurement. The current review focuses on three methods used to study putative neuroinflammation in ME/CFS: (1) positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging using translocator protein (TSPO) binding radioligand (2) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) neuroimaging and (3) assays of cytokines circulating in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. PET scanning using TSPO-binding radioligand is a promising option for studies of neuroinflammation. However, methodological difficulties that exist both in this particular technique and across the ME/CFS neuroimaging literature must be addressed for any results to be interpretable. We argue that the vast majority of ME/CFS neuroimaging has failed to use optimal techniques for studying brainstem, despite its probable centrality to any neuroinflammatory causes or autonomic effects. MRS is discussed as a less informative but more widely available, less invasive, and less expensive option for imaging neuroinflammation, and existing studies using MRS neuroimaging are reviewed. Studies seeking to find a peripheral circulating cytokine “profile” for ME/CFS are reviewed, with attention paid to the biological and methodological reasons for lack of replication among these studies. We argue that both the biological mechanisms of cytokines and the innumerable sources of potential variance in their measurement make it unlikely that a consistent and replicable diagnostic cytokine profile will ever be discovered.

show abstract

Section: Peripheral Cytokines In Me/cfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroinflammation and Cytokines in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): A Critical Review of Research Methods

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The role of chocolate in acne remains controversial. A laboratory study using the peripheral blood cells of seven people showed that chocolate consumption (50 g for 4 days) primed these cells to release more of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐10 upon stimulation with P. acnes . This suggests that the pathogenesis of acne could involve a complex interplay involving not only P. acnes (discussed below) but also dietary factors, including chocolate or one of its constituents.…”

Section: Potential Determinants Of Acnementioning

confidence: 99%

A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryAcne is estimated to affect 9Á4% of the global population, making it the eighth most prevalent disease worldwide. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that acne is most common in postpubescent teens, with boys most frequently affected, particularly with more severe forms of the disease. This paper aims to provide an update on the epidemiology of acne worldwide. Recent general and institutional studies from around the world have shown that the prevalence of acne is broadly consistent globally (with the exception of specific populations, which are discussed). However, this review highlights that there is a wide range of disparate outcome measures being applied in epidemiology studies, and we emphasize the need to develop a widely accepted, credible, standard assessment scale to address this in the future. In addition we discuss special populations, such as those devoid of acne, as well as the impact of potential determinants of acne on disease epidemiology.Acne vulgaris, or acne, is a common condition with a wide range of potential harms and associated costs. The former include symptomatic discomfort, scarring, emotional and psychosocial distress, occupational consequences and potential psychiatric disturbances including depression and suicide. Identification of individuals at risk of these sequelae can contribute to reducing the morbidity associated with acne.The Global Burden of Disease Project estimates the prevalence of acne at 9Á4%, ranking it as the eighth most prevalent disease worldwide. 1,2This initiative established prevalence and disability data from primary research manuscripts and databases, and conducted subsequent data analysis with a Bayesian meta-regression methodology, providing a means to harmonize discordant data and to account for a lack of data in geographical, temporal or other demographic items.2 While this project uses primary research findings to inform global metrics, there has not been a recent attempt to collate and present the world literature on acne prevalence collected over the past decade and a half. The last such review of acne prevalence in both general and schoolaged populations comprised literature up to 1995.

show abstract

“…Finally, a pro-inflammatory effect of cocoa flavanols has also been reported. In a study of healthy subjects, chocolate consumption increased release of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 in microbial-stimulated mononuclear blood cells as an important mechanism through which chocolate consumption may influence acne [ 83 ]. These results may reflect differences in dose of cocoa or chocolate flavanols or else subjects’ health status.…”

Section: Studies In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cocoa and Its Flavonoids on Biomarkers of Inflammation: Studies of Cell Culture, Animals and Humans

Goya¹,

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic inflammation has been identified as a necessary step to mediate atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease and as a relevant stage in the onset and progression of several types of cancer. Considerable attention has recently been focused on the identification of dietary bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory activities as an alternative natural source for prevention of inflammation-associated diseases. The remarkable capacity of cocoa flavanols as antioxidants, as well as to modulate signaling pathways involved in cellular processes, such as inflammation, metabolism and proliferation, has encouraged research on this type of polyphenols as useful bioactive compounds for nutritional prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Data from numerous studies suggest that cocoa and cocoa-derived flavanols can effectively modify the inflammatory process, and thus potentially provide a benefit to individuals with elevated risk factors for atherosclerosis/cardiovascular pathology and cancer. The present overview will focus on the most recent findings about the effects of cocoa, its main constituents and cocoa derivatives on selected biomarkers of the inflammatory process in cell culture, animal models and human cohorts.

show abstract

Chocolate consumption modulates cytokine production in healthy individuals

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Neuroinflammation and Cytokines in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): A Critical Review of Research Methods

Neuroinflammation and Cytokines in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): A Critical Review of Research Methods

A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne

Effect of Cocoa and Its Flavonoids on Biomarkers of Inflammation: Studies of Cell Culture, Animals and Humans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About