Choice-induced inter-trial inhibition is modulated by idiosyncratic choice-consistency

Abstract

Humans constantly decide among multiple action plans. Carrying out one action usually implies that other plans are suppressed. Here we make use of inter-trial effects to determine whether suppression of non-chosen action plans is due to proactively preparing for upcoming decisions or due to retroactive influences from previous decisions. Participants received rewards for timely and accurate saccades to targets appearing left or right from fixation. Each block interleaved trials with one (single-trial) or two targets (choice-trial). Whereas single-trial rewards were always identical, rewards for the two targets in choice-trials could either be identical (unbiased) or differ (biased) within one block. We analyzed single-trial latencies as a function of idiosyncratic choice-consistency or reward-bias, the previous trial type and whether the same or the other target was selected in the preceding trial. After choice-trials, single-trial responses to the previously non-chosen target were delayed. For biased choices, inter-trial effects were strongest when choices were followed by a single-trial to the non-chosen target. In the unbiased condition, inter-trial effects increased with increasing individual consistency of choice behavior. These findings suggest that the suppression of alternative action plans is not coupled to target selection and motor execution but instead depends on top-down signals like the overall preference of one target over another.

The longitudinal validity of proxy-reported CHU9D

“…The inclusion procedure included minimum scores derived from the SDQ as reported by the parents and a clinical interview with a psychologist. The minimum scores from the SDQ follow a screening algorithm designed to identify children with mental health problems in the need of an intervention, this is further described elsewhere [ 19 ]. To be included in the trial, the child had to have a primary problem that falls within the domains of anxiety, depressive symptoms or behavioral problems, according to the classification by the psychologist conducting the interview.…”

Vision as oculomotor reward: cognitive contributions to the dynamic control of saccadic eye movements

“…This is reflected in a lateralization of pre-stimulus alpha power and a lowered baseline activity in the LATER model respectively (Heuer et al 2017 ; Wolf et al 2017 ). The slowing of reactive saccades to the less rewarded option is particularly pronounced if the non-chosen option becomes the target for the subsequent single-target response and depends on the individual preference of one choice target over the other (Wolf and Schütz 2019 ). Thus, latencies of reactive saccades may be sensitive to the presence or absence of a reward prospect, but not necessarily to different levels of reward magnitude.…”