Choice of cover crop influences soil fungal and bacterial communities in Prince Edward Island, Canada

Aiyer, Harini S.; Fofana, Bourlaye; Fraser, Tandra D.; McKenzie‐Gopsill, Andrew; Mills, Aaron; Foster, Adam

doi:10.1139/cjm-2021-0360

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Among 30 most abundant fungal genera in the intercropping area, 5 genera were significantly increased with Siratro cover crop compared to conventional tillage, including Acremonium that could be contributing to the increase in saprotrophs_symbiotrophs. Also among those, 5 genera were significantly decreased with Siratro Benitez et al (2016) where legume cover crops increased symbiotrophs, and Aiyer et al (2022) where a sorghum-sudangrass cover crop decreased pathotrophs and increased symbiotrophs while an alfalfa cover crop increased pathotrophs. Thus, the effect of cover crops on soil fungal guilds appears to highly dependent upon the type of plant used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, less abundant fungal genera would also have an impact. Some other examples where cover crops affected the abundance of soil fungal guilds are Wei et al (2021) where grass cover crops increased pathotrophs and decreased saprotrophs, Benitez et al (2016) where legume cover crops increased symbiotrophs, and Aiyer et al (2022) where a sorghum–sudangrass cover crop decreased pathotrophs and increased symbiotrophs while an alfalfa cover crop increased pathotrophs. Thus, the effect of cover crops on soil fungal guilds appears to highly dependent upon the type of plant used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of natural weed and Siratro cover crop on soil fungal diversity in a banana cropping system in southwestern China

et al. 2023

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IntroductionNatural weed cover and a legume cover crop were examined to determine if they could impact soil fungal diversity as an indicator of soil quality in banana production.MethodsBanana in Yunnan Province, China, was grown under three treatments: conventional tillage (bare soil), natural weed cover (primarily goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaerth)), or a cover crop (Siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb.)). Analysis of the soil fungal communities between 2017 and 2020 was done by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing.ResultsMost significant effects were in the intercropping area for the treatments, whereas it was rarely observed in the furrow planted with banana. Based on the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices, soil fungal diversity in the intercropping area significantly decreased following planting banana in 2017 with all three treatments. However, both the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices showed that there were significant increases in fungal soil diversity in 2019 and 2020 with natural weed cover or Siratro compared to bare soil. At the end of the experiment, significant increases in fungal genera with Siratro compared to bare soil were observed with Mortierella, Acremonium, Plectophaerella, Metarhizium and Acrocalymma, and significant decreases were observed with Fusicolla, Myrothecium, Exserohilum, Micropsalliota and Nigrospora. Siratro resulted in higher stability of the soil fungal microbiome by increasing the modularity and the proportion of negative co-occurrences compared to bare soil. For fungal guilds, Siratro significantly increased saprotrophs_symbiotrophs in 2019 and 2020 and significantly decreased pathogens_saprotrophs in 2020 compared to bare soil.DiscussionUsing Siratro as a cover crop in the intercropping area of banana helped maintain soil fungal diversity, which would be beneficial for soil health with more symbiotrophs and less pathogens in the soil. However, further research is needed to determine the long-term impact of weed or Siratro cover crop on the fungal soil ecosystem and growth of banana.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of natural weed and Siratro cover crop on soil fungal diversity in a banana cropping system in southwestern China

et al. 2023

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“…As such, choosing the cover crop that minimizes loss and potentially contributes to better productivity in subsequent years becomes critical. The cover crop identity within a rotation can have a significant influence on the soil microbial community composition [ 11 , 13 ]. For example, an increase in the abundance of plant pathogenic fungi has been reported following crops such as oilseed radish ( Raphanus sativus L.), alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), and phacelia ( Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, an increase in the abundance of plant pathogenic fungi has been reported following crops such as oilseed radish ( Raphanus sativus L.), alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), and phacelia ( Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) [ 13 ]. Bainard et al [ 14 ], found that the sequential planting of pulse crops can increase the population of certain soil-borne pathogens, including several Fusarium spp.. Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Select Cover Crop Residue and Soil Microbiomes Contribute to Suppression of Fusarium Root and Crown Rot in Barley and Soybean

Aiyer,

McKenzie-Gopsill,

Mills

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Fusarium root and crown rot (FRCR) negatively impact several economically important plant species. Cover crops host different soil and residue microbiomes, thereby potentially influencing pathogen load and disease severity. The carryover effect of cover crops on FRCR in barley and soybean was investigated. Field trials were conducted in Prince Edward Island, Canada. Two cover crops from each plant group, including forbs, brassicas, legumes, and grasses, were grown in a randomized complete block design with barley and soybean planted in split plots the following year. Barley and soybean roots were assessed for FRCR through visual disease rating and Fusarium spp. were isolated from diseased tissue. Fungal and bacterial communities in cover crop residues were quantified using amplicon sequencing. The disease-suppressive effects of soil were tested in greenhouse studies. The results indicated that sorghum-sudangrass-associated microbiomes suppress Fusarium spp., leading to reduced FRCR in both barley and soybean. The oilseed radish microbiome had the opposite effect, consequently increasing FRCR incidence in barley and soybean. The results from this study indicate that cover crop residue and the associated soil microbiome influence the incidence and severity of FRCR in subsequent crops. This information can be used to determine cover cropping strategies in barley and soybean production systems.

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Effect of no-till followed by crop diversification on the soil microbiome in a boreal short cereal rotation

Fritze,

Tuomivirta,

Orrù

et al. 2024

Biol Fertil Soils

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Diversification of agricultural practices, including changes in crop rotation, intercropping or cover cropping, influence the soil microbiome. Here the impact of tillage and crop diversification on the soil microbiome is reported, being one of the few boreal studies. The field experiment consisted of four treatments with four replications all having a short cereal rotation practice namely an oat (Avena sativa) – spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) – wheat (Triticum aestivum) rotation for the past 10 years until spring 2018. During that period two of the treatments were conventionally tilled with moldboard ploughing whereas the other two were no-tillage treatments. From the growing season 2018 until fall 2020 the main crop in all treatments was spring barley. The first conventional tillage treatment was diversified with English ryegrass (Lolium perenne) as an undersown cover crop for the next three growing seasons. The first no-tillage treatment continued with spring barley only. The second conventional tillage and no-tillage treatment had winter rapeseed in rotation in 2019. Bulk soils were sampled in May 2018 before diversification and then in October 2018, 2019, and 2020. The results showed a clear effect of tillage on the beta-diversity of the soil microbiome and an increase in fungal richness. Barley monoculture interrupted with winter rapeseed resulted in a minor change of the fungal and bacterial community composition. Other fungal and bacterial alpha diversity measures did not react to tillage or diversification nor did the gene copy abundances involved in the N cycle. In conclusion tillage had a profound effect on the soil microbiome hindering impact of the diversification.

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Choice of cover crop influences soil fungal and bacterial communities in Prince Edward Island, Canada

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

Effect of natural weed and Siratro cover crop on soil fungal diversity in a banana cropping system in southwestern China

Effect of natural weed and Siratro cover crop on soil fungal diversity in a banana cropping system in southwestern China

Select Cover Crop Residue and Soil Microbiomes Contribute to Suppression of Fusarium Root and Crown Rot in Barley and Soybean

Effect of no-till followed by crop diversification on the soil microbiome in a boreal short cereal rotation

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