Choledochal cyst: findings on cholangiopancreatography with emphasis on ectasia of the common channel

Choledochal cysts: evaluation with MR cholangiography

“…1). The presence or absence of an anomalous pancreatobiliary junction in choledochal cysts does not, however, significantly alter the clinical management and attains significance only in studies of the etiopathogenesis of the disease [9].…”

Obstructing choledochocele: diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound

“…Dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi has been associated with choledochal cysts but has not been studied in patients with choledochocele [ 16]. Local weakness of the CBD wall associated with dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi or acquired ampullary stenosis are suggested alternate possibilities [17,18]. Intestinal metaplasia may occur in the inner lining of a choledochocele so that both sides are lined by intestinal epithelium [19].…”

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in the Diagnosis and Management of Choledochal Cysts

“…1) [1,5,6,[14][15][16][17][18]. The management of choledochal cysts are mainly surgical [1,2,5,14,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

“…Carcinoma generally develops in the extrahepatic bile duct (26,32). Adenocarcinoma is the most common histology, squamous and undifferentiated carcinomas are also reported, but less frequently (24,31,33 (15,18). Analysis of ERCP studies in adults has shown abnormalities of the pancreatobiliary junction, which have provided clues to the etiology of the choledochal cysts (2,8,9).…”

“…Analysis of ERCP studies in adults has shown abnormalities of the pancreatobiliary junction, which have provided clues to the etiology of the choledochal cysts (2,8,9). Few report in the English language literaturehave described the use of ERCP in children who have choledochal cysts (15,17,18). Technical difficulty, the need for general anesthesia, and complications such as cholangitis have limited the use of this investigative method in children (18).…”