Cholera: A Latent Threat to Human Health

Abstract

: Cholera outbreaks caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae present a significant global health challenge, with a notable increase in cases recently reported. The disease is characterized by severe watery diarrhea, leading to dehydration and potential fatalities if not promptly addressed. Transmission occurs through contaminated food and water sources, underscoring the importance of water sanitation and hygiene measures to prevent outbreaks. Limited healthcare access and inadequate reporting systems make estimating cholera cases and deaths challenging. Antibiotic resistance is also a concerning issue, necessitating the development of new treatment options. Prompt laboratory diagnosis is essential, with rapid diagnostic tests and PCR showing promise for pathogen detection. Treatment involves fluid replacement and appropriate antibiotic use to reduce disease severity and transmission. Oral cholera vaccines offer preventive measures for high-risk individuals during outbreaks. To combat the escalating cholera epidemic and save lives, a comprehensive approach, including improved water sanitation, early detection, and timely treatment, is crucial.