Cholesterol and its derivatives, are the principal steroids isolated from the leech species Hirudo medicinalis

Zipser, Birgit; Bradford, James J; Hollingsworth, Rawle I.

doi:10.1016/s0742-8413(98)10005-1

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The observation was consistent with the existence of ester bond and methylene between pullulan and cholesterol residues, which indicated that CHSP was synthesized successfully, and its similar to literature (Yang et al, 2010). As shown in Figure 1(C), the 1 H NMR spectrum of CHSP permitted the identification of the protons corresponding to the pullulan chain at: 0.59-1.20 ppm (the H signal of cholesterol) (Zipser et al, 1998;Kim et al, 2012), the singlet at 0.63 and 0.96 ppm which is assigned to the two angular methyl groups (18-CH 3 and 19-CH 3 ), the peak at 0.83 ppm (26, 27-CH 3 ), the peak at 0.88 ppm (21-CH 3 ), 2.48 (DMSO-d 6 ) and 2.53 (2 methylene groups, -OCCH 2 CH 2 CO-) ppm. The peak at 2.53 ppm is the proton signal of two methylene groups, this peak plays a key role in supporting the conclusion that pullulan was successfully reacted with cholesterol by succinic acid linker.…”

Section: Characterization Of Chspsupporting

confidence: 81%

The preliminary evaluation on cholesterol-modified pullulan as a drug nanocarrier

Shen

Yang

2014

Drug Delivery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To further develop cholesterol-modified pullulan self-aggregated nanoparticles (CHSPNs) as a drug nanocarrier, CHSP was synthesized and characterized. Its cholesterol degree determined by 1 H NMR was 5.2 cholesterol groups per hundred glucose units. CHSPNs were prepared in aqueous media and characterized by dynamic laser light-scattering (DLS), zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These nanoparticles were almost spherical in shape, and the zeta potentials of CHSPNs were near zero in aqueous media. CHSPNs can be stable at least 2 months with no significant size and zeta potential changes. Single dose toxicity test in mice was investigated for the safety evaluation of CHSPNs as a drug nanocarrier, and the result showed CHSPNs were well tolerated at the dose of 200 mg/kg in mice. Epirubicin (EPI)-loaded CHSPNs (EPI-CHSPNs) were prepared and the in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution were studied. Compared with the EPI solution, EPI-CHSPNs have exhibited higher plasma drug concentration, longer half-life time (t 1/2 ) and the larger area under-the-curve (AUC). Moreover, the drug level of EPI-CHSPNs increased in liver and decreased in heart. The results indicated that CHSPNs were stable, safe and may be a promising drug delivery carrier.

show abstract

Section: Characterization Of Chspsupporting

confidence: 81%

The preliminary evaluation on cholesterol-modified pullulan as a drug nanocarrier

Shen

Yang

2014

Drug Delivery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2 Pinnasterol from the red alga Laurencia pinnata (Fukuzawa et al 1981). 3 Cholesta-4,7-diene3b,6,15-triol isolated from the leech Hirudo medicinalis (Zipser et al 1998). 4 A polyhydroxysteroid from the Octocoral Dendronephthya gigantea (Yoshikawa et al 2000).…”

Section: Arthropodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such steroids have been described for instance in the leech H. medicinalis (Zipser et al 1998) and in echinoderms (Smith and Goad 1971;Shubina et al 1998). In insects, such molecules can occur together with true ecdysteroids-see for instance the bombycosterol produced by Bombyx ovaries (Fujimoto et al 1985).…”

Section: Protoecdysteroids?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroids in aquatic invertebrates

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Steroid molecules are present in all invertebrates, and some of them have established hormonal roles: this is the case for ecdysteroids in arthropods and, to a lesser extent, for vertebrate-type steroids in molluscs. Steroids are not only hormones, they may also fulfill many other functions in chemical communication, chemical defense or even digestive physiology. The increasing occurrence of endocrine disruption problems caused by environmental pollutants, which interfere in particular with reproductive physiology of vertebrates but also of invertebrates has made necessary to better understand the endocrine physiology of the latter and the role of steroids in these processes. So many attempts are being made to better understand the endocrine roles of steroids in arthropods and molluscs, and to establish whether they also fulfill similar functions in other invertebrate phyla. At the moment, both the precise identification of these steroids, the determination of their origin (endogenous versus exogenous) and of their mechanism of action are under active investigation. This research takes profit of the development of genome sequencing programs on many invertebrate species, which allow the identification of receptors and/or biosynthetic enzymes, when related to their vertebrate counterparts, but the story is not so simple, as will be exemplified by estrogen receptors of molluscs.

show abstract

“…All compounds were identified by comparison of their retention times (RT) and mass spectra with those of authentic samples and/or NIST/NBS, NIST02, Wiley 575, Wiley 6, libraries spectra and through international literature [7][8][9]. Table 1).…”

Section: Gc-ms Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The steroids: cholest-4-en-3-one, 4-methylcholest-4-en-3-one, stigmast-4-en-3-one, (5α, 22E)-stigmasta-7,22-dien-3-one (spinasterone) were isolated from fractions (B g ) and (B f ) through preparative TLC (5715 Merc) using methanol/dichloromethane 0.5:99.5 and 1:99 respectively, as mobile phases. The chemical structures of the above referred compounds were further investigated, by comparison of their GC-MS and NMR spectra (the NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker DXR 400) with available data from the bibliography [8][9][10].…”

Section: Gc-ms Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids, Sterols, Phenols and Antioxidant Activity of Phoenix theophrasti Fruits Growing in Crete, Greece

Liolios

Sotiroudis

Chinou

2008

Plant Foods Hum Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study we report the chemical composition of the Cretan Phoenix theophrasti Gr. fruits, in comparison with dates, from its close relative Phoenix dactylifera L. for their nutritional value and their potential exploitation as a source of bioactive components such as phytosterols, lipids and polyphenols. The non polar dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) extract of the fruits was analysed by several techniques (TLC, CC, GC and GC-MS) and was found to consist mainly from fatty acids, hydrocarbons and phytosterols. Palmitic acid was the most abundant fatty acid, 12.49% of total saponifiables, while beta-sitosterol was the most prevalent phytosterol, 29.46% of total unsaponifiable lipid fraction. The polar methanolic extract was examined for its total phenolic content, by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, as well as for its antioxidant activity through DPPH assay, in comparison with previous studies on the fruits of several Phoenix dactylifera varieties. This fraction was found to possess strong antioxidant activity despite its lower content of phenolic compounds in comparison with previously studied Phoenix dactylifera specimens.

show abstract

Cholesterol and its derivatives, are the principal steroids isolated from the leech species Hirudo medicinalis

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

The preliminary evaluation on cholesterol-modified pullulan as a drug nanocarrier

The preliminary evaluation on cholesterol-modified pullulan as a drug nanocarrier

Steroids in aquatic invertebrates

Fatty Acids, Sterols, Phenols and Antioxidant Activity of Phoenix theophrasti Fruits Growing in Crete, Greece

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About