Cholesterol Crystals Enhance and Phospholipids Protect Against Pancreatitis Induced by Hydrophobic Bile Salts

Minnen, van; Venneman, NG; Je, van Dijk; Verheem, André; Gooszen, H. G.; Lm, Akkermans; Kj, van Erpecum

doi:10.1097/01.mpa.0000220861.78248.1f

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In case of SAP this is not a statistically signifi cant result when compared to control group, however, it may support the participation of these bile acids in the course of AP. This observation is compliant with van Minnen's suggestions, who stated in his experimental study that severity of pancreatitis was positively correlated with the increase of hydrophobic bile acids in bile transferred to pancreatic duct (58). What is more, during the recent years, Voronina and Kim also conducted experimental tests concerning the toxic activity of bile acids, depending on the amount of related hydroxyl groups (-OH), on pancreatic follicular cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Bile Infection and Bile Acids Concentration in Bile in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis

Zasada¹,

Panek²,

Dolecki³

et al. 2009

Polish Journal of Surgery

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Biliary stones are the most common etiology of acute pancretitis (AP). Pathomechanism of this etiology is based on common channel theory of Opie. Material and methods. 113 patients with ABP were included in the study -91 with mild and 22 with severe form of ABP. 17 patients with cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis without ABP served as controls. All the patients were submitted to the same model of treatment. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with endoscopic sfi ncterotomy (ES) were performed in the day of admission and laparoscopic cholecystectomy within the next 24 hours. Bile specimens were taken from main bile duct (MBD) during ERCP and from gall-bladder (GB) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Bacteriological cultures, bile acids (BA) concentration and total and secretory form of IgA concentration were assessed in particular groups of patients. Results. No signifi cant statistical differences of bile infection in MBD and GB were found between the analyzed groups of patients. Furthermore, the bile among the patients with severe ABP was more frequently infected, particularly when obtained from gall-bladder. Most common pathogens found in cultures were Gram negative bacteria. Interestingly, Gram positive cultures and fungi were also signifi cant. The number of species of pathogens was of no signifi cance for infection concerning both: source of bile and groups of patients. Mean concentrations of total BA were different between study groups of patients in MBD and in GB. It is worth mentioning, that the fraction of hydrophobic, secondary BA which are potentially more toxic, was increased in total concentration of BA in MBD particularly in patients with severe form of AP. Among patients with mild AP and controls these values were lower and similar. Conclusions. It seems that BA play as an aggressive factor during AP while in physiologic condition have a protective, antibacterial meaning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Bile Infection and Bile Acids Concentration in Bile in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis

Zasada¹,

Panek²,

Dolecki³

et al. 2009

Polish Journal of Surgery

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“…The described model (Equation 13) is adequate to represent the experimental phase boundaries for fairly high lipid concentrations. However, for low lipid concentrations deviations from linearity have been observed, especially at low lipid concentration (<2 mM).…”

Section: Increase Of Detergent Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mixed vesicles, mixed micelles, depending on the lipid to detergent ratio, are formed [8,9]. It is described that the microdomains contained in the mixed micelles were able to solubilise cholesterol [10][11][12][13][14]. An important aspect in the formation of mixed micelles lies in the fact that the mixed micelle association lowers the monomeric activity of bile salts and thus prevents the solubilisation and thus destruction and membranolytic effect of the apical membrane of the epithelial cells [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranolytic Activity of Bile Salts: Influence of Biological Membrane Properties and Composition

et al. 2007

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Abstract:The two main steps of the membranolytic activity of detergents: 1) the partitioning of detergent molecules in the membrane and 2) the solubilisation of the membrane are systematically investigated. The interactions of two bile salt molecules, sodium cholate (NaC) and sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) with biological phospholipid model membranes are considered. The membranolytic activity is analysed as a function of the hydrophobicity of the bile salt, ionic strength, temperature, membrane phase properties, membrane surface charge and composition of the acyl chains of the lipids. The results are derived from calorimetric measurements (ITC, isothermal titration calorimetry). A thermodynamic model is described, taking into consideration electrostatic interactions, which is used for the calculation of the partition coefficient as well as to derive the complete thermodynamic parameters describing the interaction of detergents with biological membranes (change in enthalpy, change in free energy, change in entropy etc). The solubilisation properties are described in a so-called vesicle-to-micelle phase transition diagram. The obtained results are supplemented and confirmed by data obtained from other biophysical techniques (DSC differential scanning calorimetry, DLS dynamic light scattering, SANS small angle neutron scattering).

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“…Studies on inflammatory disorders, such as pancreatitis and acute lung injury, have already demonstrated a protective role for exogenous supplementation of phospholipids 12,13 . Free phospholipids generated from cell membranes at the site of injury can attenuate inflammation and augment membrane barrier function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Studies on inflammatory disorders, such as pancreatitis and acute lung injury, have already demonstrated a protective role for exogenous supplementation of phospholipids. 12,13 Free phospholipids generated from cell membranes at the site of injury can attenuate inflammation and augment membrane barrier function. Based on those reports, we hypothesize that instillation of liposomes comprised of natural phospholipids can augment bladder barrier function and support repair of the injured lipid membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bladder Instillation of Liposomes for Bladder Coating and Drug Delivery Platform

Tyagi

Chuang

Yoshimura

et al. 2009

LUTS

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The clinical use of exogenous polysaccharides for the treatment of interstitial cystitis (IC) has lent credence to the concept of a dysfunctional urothelium as the cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Studies have shown that lipids in the apical membrane of the urothelium form an integral component of the permeability barrier in the bladder. This premise is supported by the therapeutic effect of empty liposomes in the irritated bladder. Instillation of liposomes comprised of natural phospholipids can augment bladder barrier function and support repair following injury from protamine sulfate and irritation with high potassium concentration. The mechanism of action proposed for the therapeutic effect of empty liposomes is that liposomes form a coat on the injured urothelium and block irritation of submucosal afferent nerves. Reduced afferent excitation after liposome instillation is reflected in prolonged intercontractile interval in cystometry. Liposomes offer a powerful new treatment option for IC using an intravesical route and as a platform for intravesical drug delivery.

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Cholesterol Crystals Enhance and Phospholipids Protect Against Pancreatitis Induced by Hydrophobic Bile Salts

Abstract: In the rat model, hydrophobic bile salts and cholesterol crystals aggravate biliary pancreatitis, whereas phospholipids have a protective effect.

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Bile Infection and Bile Acids Concentration in Bile in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis

Bile Infection and Bile Acids Concentration in Bile in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis

Membranolytic Activity of Bile Salts: Influence of Biological Membrane Properties and Composition

Bladder Instillation of Liposomes for Bladder Coating and Drug Delivery Platform

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