Cholesteroluria in Bright’s Disease: A Chemical Study

Bruger, Maurice

doi:10.1093/ajcp/5.6.504

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several previous studies of the quantitative excretion of urinary cholesterol in various disease states have been made (13,14,16). The range of normal in these studies was 0.15-4.2 mg/24 hr, a range very similar to the urinary excretion of cholesterol by our normal subjects (mean 2.7 mg).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Urinary Lipids in the Nephrotic Syndrome*

Klahr¹,

Tripathy²,

Bolaños³

1967

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of urinary lipids in the nephrotic syndrome is presented. The following lipids were identified in the urine of patients with the nephrotic syndrome: free cholesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phospholipids. Glass paper chromatography identified the cholesterol esters as palmitate, oleate, linoleate, and arachidonate, and identified the phospholipids as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine.Urinary lipid excretion was much greater in patients with the nephrotic syndrome than in patients with chronic renal disease and minimal proteinuria, or in patients with hyperlipidemia from other causes.Urinary lipid excretion varied widely among the 13 patients with the nephrotic syndrome studied, and no quantitative correlation with serum lipid levels was observed. However, qualitatively at least, the proportion of cholesterol esters excreted in the urine was similar to the proportion of these esters in plasma. A good correlation was found between lipid excretion and glomerular permeability. Furthermore, during steroid therapy urinary lipid excretion decreased concomitant with a decrease in proteinuria. All these observations support the idea that lipiduria in the nephrotic syndrome is related to protein loss and that most of the lipid in the urine enters the glomerular filtrate in the form of lipoproteins.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Urinary Lipids in the Nephrotic Syndrome*

Klahr¹,

Tripathy²,

Bolaños³

1967

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A positive correlation between urinary cholesterol and urinary protein has been reported in several studies [1, 6] but could not be confirmed by others [2]. Most authors agree that an increased glomerular permeability to lip•protein is probably necessary before appreciable amounts of lipid appear in the urine [1][2][3][5][6][7][8][9].However, in all the said former studies urinary cholesterol was determined using nonspecific analytical procedures, mainly colorirnetric methods.Therefore, we studied with a specific gasliquid chromatographic method, whether a positive correlation would exist between urinary protein and urinary cholesterol in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Correlation of total cholesterol and protein in urine in patients with the NEPHROTIC syndrome

1980

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zusammenfassnng. Bei 42 Patienten mit nephrotischem Syndrom wurde die Protein-und Cholesterinausscheidung im 24 Stundenurin gemessen. Die gefundene positive Korrelation (r--0,76, p<0,01) zwischen Cholesterin und Protein im Urin w/ire vereinbar mit einer gesteigerten glomerul/iren Filtration yon Plasmalipoproteinen als Ursache der Lipidurie beim nephrotischen Syndrom. Sehliisselwarter: Nephrotisches Syndrom -Gesamtcholesterin im Urin Protein im UrinSummary. The excretion of protein and cholesterol in 24 h urine was measured in 42 patients with the nephrotic syndrome. The finding of a positive correlation (r = 0.76, p < 0.01) between urinary cholesterol and urinary protein would be compatible with an enhanced glomerular filtration of plasma lip•proteins as the cause of lipiduria in the nephrotic syndrome. Key words: Nephrotic syndrome -Urinary total cholesterol -Urinary proteinLipiduria is a commonly emphasized component of the nephrotic syndrome and refers usually to the birefringent or anisotropic crystals found in the urinary sediment of these patients. These anis•tropic bodies have the typical "Maltese cross" appearance when viewed with a polarizing microscope and cholesterol esters have been identified as the major components of these elements [6, 8, 91. A positive correlation between urinary cholesterol and urinary protein has been reported in several studies [1, 6] but could not be confirmed by others [2]. Most authors agree that an increased glomerular permeability to lip•protein is probably necessary before appreciable amounts of lipid appear in the urine [1][2][3][5][6][7][8][9].However, in all the said former studies urinary cholesterol was determined using nonspecific analytical procedures, mainly colorirnetric methods.Therefore, we studied with a specific gasliquid chromatographic method, whether a positive correlation would exist between urinary protein and urinary cholesterol in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. Offprint requests to: Dr. D. Jfingst (address see page I216)A nephrotic syndrome was defined as a clinical state in which there is a combination of •edema, proteinuria and hypoproteinaemia, irrespective of the aetiology or any other clinical features. This definition stresses the occasional clinical similarities of many unrelated diseases.Total urinary cholesterol was analyzed in 2 ml aliquots of 24 h urine. After extraction with 6 ml ethyl acetate for 30 rain in a rotating system, the urinary phase was removed. The ethyl acetate extract was purified with alkali (2 ml 0.1 N NaOH) and water washings and dried under a stream of nitrogen. The residue was dissolved in 0.1 ml of the internal standard solution (10 mg 4-androstene-3,17-dione/dI isooctane), followed by GLC on a 180 cm 1% XE 60 column, i.d. 2 ram, temperature const. 220 ° C. Quantitation was performed due to the peak height ratio, since alterations of cholesterol and 4-androstenedione concentrations gave a linear response. For the determination of total urinary cholesterol hydrolysis of the dried extract with 0

show abstract

“…Anisotropic material is a well recognized component in the urine sediment of patients with the nephrotic syndrome (Bruger M, 1935;Zimmer JG et al, 1961, Klahr S e t al., 1967. It has been pointed out that this microscopic material is apparently composed largely of cholesterol esters with a smaller proportion of free cholesterol (Zimmer J G et al, 1961).…”

Section: Schliisselwiirter: Cholesterin Im Urin -Diagnostischer Wert mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the clinical significance of nonesterified and total cholesterol in urine

Jüngst¹,

Wallner²,

Pickel³

et al. 1981

Klin Wochenschr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary. Gas-liquid chromatographic determinations of nonesterified and total urinary cholesterol were performed in 137 normals, 264 patients with various internal diseases without evidence of neoplasias or diseases of the kidney or urinary tract, 497 patients with malignancies and 236 patients with diseases of the kidney, urinary tract infections or prostatic adenoma with residual urine. A normal range (mean_+ 2 SD) of 0.2-2.2 mg/24 hours nonesterified cholesterol (NEC) and of 0.3-3,0 rag/24 hours total cholesterol (TC) was calculated.Values of urinary cholesterol excretion were independent of age and sex and did not correlate with cholesterol levels in plasma. Patients with various internal diseases, without evidence of neoplasias nor diseases of the kidney or obstruction of the urinary tract, showed normal urinary cholesterol excretions, as did patients with infections of the urinary tract.However, elevated urinary cholesterol was found in patients with diseases of the kidney or urinary tract obstruction (prostatic adenoma with residual urine), malignant diseases of the urogenital tract and metastasing carcinoma of the breast. In patients with other malignant diseases urinary cholesterol was usually normal.Lesions of the urothelial cell membranes are considered to be the most likely cause of urinary cholesterol hyperexcretion. The clinical value of urinary cholesterol determinations as a possible screening test for urogenital carcinomas in unselected populations is limited by lacking specificity, expensive methodology and low prevalence of the mentioned carcinomas, although elevated urinary cholesterol excretions have been observed in early clinical stages of urogenital cancers.

show abstract

Cholesteroluria in Bright’s Disease: A Chemical Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Urinary Lipids in the Nephrotic Syndrome*

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Urinary Lipids in the Nephrotic Syndrome*

Correlation of total cholesterol and protein in urine in patients with the NEPHROTIC syndrome

Studies on the clinical significance of nonesterified and total cholesterol in urine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About