Choline acetyltransferase activity and histopathology of frontal neocortex from biopsies of demented patients

Bowen, David M.; Benton, J. S.; Spillane, J. A.; Smith, Christopher; Allen, Shelley J

doi:10.1016/0022-510x(82)90026-0

Cited by 193 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…There is also at least one set of unchallenged data showing that a similar cholinergic lesion exists in the initial stages of presenile AD (Bowen et al 1982). The presence of cholinergic denervation in the initial stages of senile AD, however, has been challenged.…”

Section: Is the Cholinergic Depletion A Late Or Early Event In Ad?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one of these, Perry and colleagues reported that the cholinergic denervation of the temporal lobe was present even in patients at the early stages of AD neuropathology (Perry et al 1981). In another landmark study, Bowen and colleagues obtained biopsy specimens from patients with presenile dementia and found a significant loss of ChAT activity even within one year of symptom onset in patients with a diagnosis of AD, but not in those with other diagnoses (Bowen et al 1982).…”

Section: Is the Cholinergic Depletion A Late Or Early Event In Ad?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Cholinergic Lesion of Alzheimer's Disease: Pivotal Factor or Side Show?

Mesulam¹

2004

Learn. Mem.

432

340

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A profound loss of cortical cholinergic innervation is a nearlyinvariant feature of advanced Alzheimer's disease (AD). The temporal course of this lesion and its relationship to other aspects of the disease have not yet been fully clarified. Despite assertions to the contrary, a review of the evidence suggests that a perturbation of cholinergic innervation is likelyto be present even in the veryearlystages of AD. This cholinergic lesion is unlikelyto be a major determinant of the clinical symptoms or of the neuropathological lesions. Nonetheless, it almost certainly contributes to the severityof the cognitive and behavioral deficits, especiallyin the areas of memoryand attention. The cholinergic lesion mayalso influence the progression of the neuropathological process through complex interactions with amyloidogenesis, τ phosphorylation and neuroplasticity.

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Section: Is the Cholinergic Depletion A Late Or Early Event In Ad?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Is the Cholinergic Depletion A Late Or Early Event In Ad?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cholinergic Lesion of Alzheimer's Disease: Pivotal Factor or Side Show?

Mesulam¹

2004

Learn. Mem.

432

340

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The disease is neurochemically and pathologically characterized by APP mismetabolism, extracellular deposition of amyloid ␤-peptide (A␤)-containing neuritic plaques and intraneuronal tau-containing fibrillary tangles. There is also extensive synaptic and neuronal loss in allo-and neocortex, along with a marked degeneration and loss of cholinergic neurons within the basal forebrain (BF), and reduced choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) in cortex and hippocampus (7,8,10,14,66,79). Another common finding in affected individuals is reduced glucose metabolism in cortical and hippocampal regions, detected by positron emission tomography (PET), notable as these are the primary projection targets of BF cholinergic efferents (19,22,23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Antibody-Induced Cholinergic Cell and Synapse Loss Produce Sustained Hippocampal and Cortical Hypometabolism with Correlated Cognitive Deficits

Browne

Mattsson

et al. 2001

Experimental Neurology

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“…The majority of studies demonstrate a relatively intact (especially compared to that in AD) cholinergic system in FTD and PiD. This evidence includes a preservation or increase in cortical choline acetyltransferase, 14,17,18,[39][40][41][42][43][44] intact acetylcholinesterase levels, 45 intact post-synaptic muscarinic receptor binding, 17 preservation of neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM, the largest collection of presynaptic cholinergic neurons), 41,43,46,47 and lack of response to a scopolamine challenge in one patient. 39 However, some studies have shown decreased muscarinic receptor binding on autopsy 41,[48][49][50] and in living subjects with SPECT, 51 and decreased neuron density in the nbM on autopsy.…”

Section: Mechanism Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of neurotransmitter deficits and treatments in frontotemporal dementia

2006

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Objective-To evaluate neurotransmitter deficiencies and neurotransmitter-based treatments for frontotemporal dementia (FTD).Methods-The authors conducted a systematic review of the literature on the mechanism and treatment of FTD and a meta-analysis of treatment studies of antidepressants for the behavioral symptoms of FTD.Results-Patients with FTD show deficiencies in the serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitter systems, while the acetylcholine system appears relatively intact. Antidepressant treatment significantly improves behavioral symptoms in FTD, but most studies are small and uncontrolled. Serotonergic treatments appear to improve the behavioral but not cognitive symptoms of FTD.Conclusions-Studies of neurotransmitter deficiencies in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) can be helpful in developing treatments. Treatment studies on FTD are scarce, given the prevalence and severity of this illness. Larger, well-controlled treatment studies are required to reach more definitive conclusions about treatment efficacy. Multicenter studies are likely the best way to complete treatment studies in a timely manner.Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is increasingly recognized as an important cause of dementia. 1 The symptoms of FTD include behavioral symptoms such as disinhibition, inappropriate social behavior, and apathy. Other symptoms include language and executive dysfunction. 2,3 The behavioral symptoms of FTD can be difficult to manage for caregivers and clinicians.The paucity of pharmacologic trials for FTD is likely due to the only recent clinical definition of the illness, limitations in understanding the biology of FTD, and the difficulty of assembling well-characterized groups of patients.

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Choline acetyltransferase activity and histopathology of frontal neocortex from biopsies of demented patients

Cited by 193 publications

References 23 publications

The Cholinergic Lesion of Alzheimer's Disease: Pivotal Factor or Side Show?

The Cholinergic Lesion of Alzheimer's Disease: Pivotal Factor or Side Show?

Selective Antibody-Induced Cholinergic Cell and Synapse Loss Produce Sustained Hippocampal and Cortical Hypometabolism with Correlated Cognitive Deficits

A systematic review of neurotransmitter deficits and treatments in frontotemporal dementia

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