Cholinesterase Activity in Ocular Tissues and Fluids

deROETTH, Andrew

doi:10.1001/archopht.1950.00910011021005

Cited by 31 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…There is strong evidence that the acetylcholine system is responsible for the electric currents which propagate impulses in conducting tissues.1,2 In the eye, high concentrations of acetylcholine have been reported in the corneal epithelium;3 cholinesterase has been demonstrated in various other ocular tissues chemically 4 and histochemically;5,6 and high choline acetylase activity has been found in the corneal epithelium.7 The present study is concerned with determining the concentration and localization of cholinesterase in the cornea.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Acetylcholinesterase in the Rabbit Cornea

Petersen¹,

Lee²,

Donn³

1965

Archives of Ophthalmology

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confidence: 90%

Acetylcholinesterase in the Rabbit Cornea

Petersen¹,

Lee²,

Donn³

1965

Archives of Ophthalmology

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“…With respect to the esterase activity of drugs in ocular tissues, several investigators [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] have found evidence to support the presence of esterase in cornea, iris-ciliary body, retina and optic nerve. However, until recently, there have been only a few reports on steroid ester metabolism in the topical tissue [14],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysis of Prednisolone Succinate by Esterase in Rabbit Ocular Tissue

1987

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Prednisolone concentrations in serum after both subconjunctival and intravenous injections of prednisolone sodium succinate at a 1 mg/kg equivalent dose of prednisolone in rabbits were analyzed by regularly phased high-performance liquid chromatography. The systemic availability after subconjunctival injection was determined to be almost 1.0 by comparing areas under the serum concentration-time curves for both administration routes. The initial hydrolytic rate of prednisolone succinate ester was dependent on the amount of total protein in ocular tissue homogenates and fluids as well as that in serum. The rate followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with an almost consistent Michaelis constant. Although the maximum hydrolytic rate per unit amount of tissue protein was the highest in conjunctival tissue, followed by corneal tissue and serum, the esterase activity corrected by total protein in the whole rabbit body should be the highest in serum, followed by conjunctival tissue. These results indicate that prednisolone sodium succinate administered subconjunctivally is hydrolized rapidly by esterase and absorbed almost completely into the systemic circulation.

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“…On the other hand, a high cholinesterase activity has been reported in pars plana and in the pigment epithelium of the ciliary body 40 , this has been demonstrated by analysis of the ciliary muscle before and after ciliary ganglionectomy, where cholinesterase activity is affected later to the surgical act 41 . The active presence of cholinesterase, both in the ciliary muscle and ciliary body could explain the association between uveitic processes associated with autonomic dysregulation 42 and in some cases with changes in the accommodative functions in individuals exposed to organophosphates, whose cholinesterase is decreased 43 .…”

Section: Uveal Tractmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cholinesterase Activity in the Eye?

Durán-Cristiano¹

2021

Preprint

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The visual system is regulated by the nervous through neurotransmitters, which play an important role in visual and ocular functions. One of those neurotransmitters is acetylcholine, a key molecule that plays a diversity of biological functions. On the other hand, acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, is implicated in cholinergic function. However, several studies showed that in addition to their enzymatic functions, Acetylcholinesterase exerts non-catalytic functions. In recent years, the importance of evaluating all possible functions of acetylcholine-acetylcholinesterase has been evidenced. Nevertheless, there is evidence that suggests cholinesterase activity in the eye can regulate some biological events both in structures of the anterior and posterior segment of the eye and therefore in the visual information that is processed in the visual cortex. Hence, the evaluation of cholinesterase activity could be a possible marker of alterations in cholinergic activity not only in ocular disease but also in systemic diseases.

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Cholinesterase Activity in Ocular Tissues and Fluids

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Acetylcholinesterase in the Rabbit Cornea

Acetylcholinesterase in the Rabbit Cornea

Hydrolysis of Prednisolone Succinate by Esterase in Rabbit Ocular Tissue

Cholinesterase Activity in the Eye?

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