Cholinesterase activity in the cup oyster Saccostrea sp. exposed to chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, cadmium and copper

Monitoring metallothionein-like protein concentrations and cholinesterase activity in tropical cup oysters as biomarkers of exposure to metals and pesticides in the southern Caribbean, Colombia

“…Whereas ChE activity can be modulated by subtle differences OP and carbamate exposure concentrations (Montserrat et al, 2002, Bernal-Hernandez et al, 2010, the consistent failure off detecting OPs in sediments and tissue argues against using variations in OP concentrations to explain the spatial and temporal variations in the activity of the three cholinesterases observed, and, instead, suggests in uences of other environmental and/or biological variables. Next to OPs and carbamates, ChE activity is known to be affected by a variety of metals, as well as PAHs, hydrocarbons, detergents, phytotoxins and other classes of pesticides such as neonicotinoids (Magni et al 2006;Senger et al 2006;Choi et al 2011;Moncaleano et al, 2018), only a fraction of which were measured in in the present study. In this respect, it is peculiar that enzyme activity of the three kinds of ChEs tended to correlate positively with many the analyzed metal species in sediments (Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni and Sn) and tissues (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sn, and Zn).…”

Toxicity evaluation of the active ingredient acetamiprid and a commercial formulation (Assail® 70) on the non-target gastropod Biomphalaria straminea (Mollusca: Planorbidae)

“…The inhibition of AChE was observed in the snail Helix aspersa (Radwan and Mohamed, 2013) and the gills of the oyster Saccostrea sp. (Ewere et al, 2019;Moncaleano-Niño et al, 2018) after treatment with imidacloprid. Instead, no effects on the enzyme were found in the amphipod Gammarus fossarum (Malev et al, 2012) and the earthworms Aporrectodea nocturna and Allolobophora icterica (Capowiez et al, 2003), exposed to the same neonicotinoid.…”

“…However, some authors have reported effects on several biomarkers in non-insect invertebrates, such as bivalves, gastropods and annelids, after neonicotinoid exposure. Some of these effects involve depletion of energy reserves, alterations in cholinesterase activity (ChE), detoxifying enzymes, antioxidant defenses and immunological parameters and impairments in reproduction, development and offspring survival (El-Gendy et al, 2019;Feng et al, 2015;Ge et al, 2018;Laycock et al, 2012;Moncaleano-Niño et al, 2018;Naveen et al, 2018;Radwan and Mohamed, 2013). Nevertheless, due to their relatively recent introduction into the market, there is still limited data available on the impact of this class of insecticides on non-target species, especially in the long term (Anderson et al, 2015;Godfray et al, 2015;Main et al, 2018).…”

Monitoring Metallothionein-Like Protein Concentrations And Cholinesterase Activity In Tropical Cup Oysters As Biomarkers of Exposure To Metals And Pesticides In The Southern Caribbean, Colombia

“…Final tissue MT concentrations are presented as µg MT/mg total protein. Cholinesterase activity (ChE) was measured according to Moncaleano et al (2018), quantifying three fractions of cholinesterase activity: total cholinesterase (T-ChE), eserine resistant cholinesterase (Er-ChE) and eserine sensitive cholinesterase activity (Es-ChE). Activity of cholinesterases was determined according to Ellman et al (1961), adapted for microplate readers by Sandahl and Jenkins (2002), and using the carbamate eserine (physostigmine) as an inhibitor.…”