Cholinesterase inhibitors from Cleistocalyx operculatus buds

Min, Byung Sun; Cuong, To Dao; Lee, Joo-Sang; Shin, Beomsu; Woo, Mi Hee; Hung, Tran Manh

doi:10.1007/s12272-010-1016-5

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, considering IC 50 values of quercetin and quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, neither of them was comparable with galanthamine (IC 50 = 0.0009 mM) employed as the reference, which was consistent with our previous study [77]. In a similar study [80], quercetin in addition to four other flavonoids isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Nature: A Substantial Source of Auspicious Substances with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Action

Orhan

2013

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Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (EC 3.1.1.7) is an important enzyme that breaks down of acetylcholine in synaptic cleft in neuronal junctions. Inhibition of AChE is associated with treatment of several diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), myasthenia gravis, and glaucoma as well as the mechanisms of insecticide and anthelmintic drugs. Several AChE inhibitors are available in clinical use currently for the treatment of AD; however, none of them has ability, yet, to seize progress of the disease. Consequently, an extensive research has been going on finding new AChE inhibitors. In this sense, natural inhibitors have gained great attention due to their encouraging effects toward AChE. In this review, promising candidate molecules with marked AChE inhibition from both plant and animal sources will be underlined.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Nature: A Substantial Source of Auspicious Substances with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Action

Orhan

2013

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“…This was the only compound with just one substituent in the B ring, while the others (quercetin, tamarixetin and myricetin derivatives) had two or three substituents. [54] Besides the hydroxyl groups in the B ring, the presence of methoxyl groups at C5 and C7 favours BuChE and AChE inhibitory activity as already mentioned. 5,7,4′-Trimethoxyflavone and 5,7-dimethoxyflavone were the most potent anti-AChE and anti-BuChE compounds in Kaempferia parviflora Wall.…”

Section: Coumarinsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Flavonoids Apigenin 21.5 Rat brain [53] N.F. Kaempferol 30.4 N.M. [54] 62.5 N.M. [54] Leufolin A N.F. 1.6 N.M. [55] Leufolin B N.F.…”

Section: Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mimulone 91.5 Human erythrocytes [56] 20.6 Equine serum [56] Naringenin 2045 Human erythrocytes [56] 1494 Equine serum [56] Pomiferin 96 Electric eel [57] N.F. Horse serum [57] Quercetin 353.9 Pacific electric ray [58] 420.8 Horse serum [58] Rutin 28.2 Electric eel [59] 44.6 Horse serum [59] Tamarixetin 22.3 N.M. [54] 160.6 N.M. [54] Quinones Mansonone E 23.5 Electric eel [60] 62.4 Horse serum [60] Sargaquinoic acid 23.3 N.M. [61] 0.026 N.M. [61] Stilbenes (+)-a-Viniferin 2.0 N.M. [62] N.F. Gnetol N.F.…”

Section: Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nature as a source of metabolites with cholinesterase-inhibitory activity: an approach to Alzheimer's disease treatment

Pinho

Ferreres

Valentão

et al. 2013

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Objectives Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, being responsible for high healthcare costs and familial hardships. Despite the efforts of researchers, no treatment able to delay or stop AD progress exists. Currently, the available treatments are only symptomatic, cholinesterase inhibitors being the most widely used drugs. Here we describe several natural compounds with anticholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) activity and also some synthetic compounds whose structures are based on those of natural compounds. Key findings Galantamine and rivastigmine are two cholinesterase inhibitors used in therapeutics: galantamine is a natural alkaloid that was extracted for the first time from Galanthus nivalis L., while rivastigmine is a synthetic alkaloid, the structure of which is modelled on that of natural physostigmine. Alkaloids include a high number of compounds with anticholinesterases activity at the submicromolar range. Quinones and stilbenes are less well studied regarding cholinesterase inhibition, although some of them, such as sargaquinoic acid or (+)-a-viniferin, show promising activity. Among flavonoids, flavones and isoflavones are the most potent compounds. Xanthones and monoterpenes are generally weak cholinesterase inhibitors. Summary Nature is an almost endless source of bioactive compounds. Several natural compounds have anticholinesterase activity and others can be used as leader compounds for the synthesis of new drugs.

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“…Structural identification of these compounds was achieved by comparison of their physical data ( 1 H and 13 C NMR, MS) spectral data with those reported in literature. They belong to flavones (luteolin 7- O -β- d -glucuronide ( 1 ) (Lee et al 2002) and luteolin 7- O - β- d -glucopyranoside ( 11 ) (Shi et al 2008)), flavonols (myricetin ( 9 ) (Ibrahim et al 2001), quercetin ( 10 ) (Min et al 2010), rutin ( 12 ) (Zou et al 2010), and isoquercitrin ( 13 )), phenylethanoid glycosides (β-ethoxylacteoside ( 6 ) (Jun et al 2003), acteoside ( 7 ) (Henry et al 1987), and isoacteoside ( 8 ) (Kim et al 2001)), alkylated glycosides (3- O -[β- d -apiofuranosyl-(1 → 6)-β- d -glucopyranosyl]oct-1-en-3-ol ( 2 ) (Zou et al 2008) and 3- O -[α- l -xylopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β- d -glucopyranosyl]oct-1-en-3-ol ( 3 ) (Yamamura et al 1998), and steroids (β-sitosterol ( 4 ) and stigmasterol ( 5 ) (Hisash et al 1990)). The structures of these compounds are shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and pharmacological investigation of micropropagated Hygrophila pogonocalyx produced from leaf explants

Lin

Lee

et al. 2013

Bot Stud

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BackgroundAn optimized method for indirect shoot organogenesis from the leaf explants of Hygrophila pogonocalyx, a rare and endemic species in Taiwan, was developed to supply enough quantity of plant materials for the first chemical and pharmacological investigation.ResultsIncubation of the young leaves on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (0.5 mg/l) and indole-3-acetic acid (0.1 mg/l) resulted in the best multiplication rate for organogenesis. The average number of adventitious buds per leaf was 22.8 ± 1.9 after 8-week culture. The adventitious buds rooted and developed into plantlets when cultured simply on MS medium. Using this protocol, up to 37,600 plants were produced from a single leaf explant in one year. From the ethanol extract of the leaves of this micropropagated plant, 13 compounds were isolated and identified, including two flavones (1, 11), four flavonols (9, 10, 12, and 13), three phenylethanoid glycosides (6–8), two alkylated glycosides (2–3), and two steroids (4–5). Of these, acteoside (7) exhibited anti-tyrosinase activity in human epidermal melanocytes and luteolin 7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (11) exhibited the greatest neurocytoprotective activity.ConclusionsThe method, indirect shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of H. pogonocalyx, could be developed to supply enough quantity of plant materials for the chemical and pharmacological investigation. In the present study, the isolated active compounds may develop for whitening agents or treating neurodegenerative diseases in the future.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1999-3110-54-51) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Cholinesterase inhibitors from Cleistocalyx operculatus buds

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

Nature: A Substantial Source of Auspicious Substances with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Action

Nature: A Substantial Source of Auspicious Substances with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Action

Nature as a source of metabolites with cholinesterase-inhibitory activity: an approach to Alzheimer's disease treatment

Chemical and pharmacological investigation of micropropagated Hygrophila pogonocalyx produced from leaf explants

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