Chondrichthyans have a bulbus arteriosus at the arterial pole of the heart: morphological and evolutionary implications

Durán, Ana C.; Fernández, Borja; Grimes, Adrian C.; Rodrı́guez, Cristina; Arqué, Josep M.; Sans‐Coma, V.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.00973.x

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Intriguingly, this SHF-derived population appears to be unique in this respect, as both NC-derived smooth muscle cells and those already present in the walls of the aortic sac, cells that do not contribute to the overlapping architecture, can be labeled with anti-SMA and anti-MLCK from considerably earlier in development (HH stage 22—approximately 3.5 days of fertilization). In contrast, as demonstrated in our previous work (Grimes et al 2006; Durán et al 2008; Grimes and Kirby 2009), all OFT smooth muscle, including the nascent smooth muscle of the chick and mouse SHF, and the proposed homologous OFT region of several other vertebrate species, can be labeled in vivo from much earlier in embryogenesis by nitric oxide indicators such as DAF-2DA. Further work with these compounds may shed light on the dynamics of the addition of cells to the OFT.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…Figure 3 shows arterial pole architecture in six species of chondrichthyan and highlights the myocardial-smooth muscle interface. In each case, the smooth muscle in this region was continuous with that of the most distal component of the OFT (the bulbus arteriosus—see Durán et al 2008), and the myocardial conus arteriosus formed a collar around it, such that the overlapping architecture was evident most usually as far as the most distal outflow valves. In some elasmobranch species, in Dalatias licha and Etmopterus spinax , for example, some smooth muscle cells could be seen extending caudally as far as the most proximal outflow valves (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Phylogeny informs ontogeny: a proposed common theme in the arterial pole of the vertebrate heart

Grimes

Durán

Sans‐Coma

et al. 2010

Evolution and Development

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SUMMARY In chick and mouse embryogenesis, a population of cells described as the secondary heart field (SHF) adds both myocardium and smooth muscle to the developing cardiac outflow tract (OFT). Following this addition, at approximately HH stage 22 in chick embryos, for example, the SHF can be identified architecturally by an overlapping seam at the arterial pole, where beating myocardium forms a junction with the smooth muscle of the arterial system. Previously, using either immunohistochemistry or nitric oxide indicators such as diaminofluorescein 2-diacetate, we have shown that a similar overlapping architecture also exists in the arterial pole of zebrafish and some shark species. However, although recent work suggests that development of the zebrafish OFT may also proceed by addition of a SHF-like population of cells, the presence of a true SHF in zebrafish and in many other developmental biological models remains an open question. We performed a comprehensive morphological study of the OFT of a wide range of vertebrates. Our data suggest that all vertebrates possess three fundamental OFT components: a proximal myocardial component, a distal smooth muscle component, and a middle component that contains overlapping myocardium and smooth muscle surrounding and supporting the outflow valves. Because the middle OFT component of avians and mammals is derived from the SHF, our observations suggest that a SHF may be an evolutionarily conserved theme in vertebrate embryogenesis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Phylogeny informs ontogeny: a proposed common theme in the arterial pole of the vertebrate heart

Grimes

Durán

Sans‐Coma

et al. 2010

Evolution and Development

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“…The wall of the sinus venosus is rather smooth, and a scattering of muscular strands is seen in this myocardial tissue. As mentioned earlier, in this species the conus arteriosus comprises the first two-thirds of the length of the OFT, such that in gross morphological terms, it is reminiscent of the homologous structure observed in the OFT of many chondrichthyan species (see Duran et al 2008). The ventricle has a pyramidal-like shape.…”

Section: Gross Morphology Anatomy Of the Heart And Muscle Labellingmentioning

confidence: 70%

Morphology, innervation and its phylogenetic step in the heart of the longnose gar Lepisosteus Osseus

et al. 2011

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Zaccone, D., Grimes, A.C., Farrell, A.P., Dabrowski, K. and Marino, F. 2012. Morphology, innervation and its phylogenetic step in the heart of the longnose gar Lepisosteus Osseus. -Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 93: 381-389.Anatomical and physiological studies of cardiovascular control in garfish are scarce. The combination of muscle labelling and neurochemical identification of extrinsic and intrinsic nerves in the heart of Lepisosteus osseus reveals a well-developed system of adrenergic, cholinergic, substance P (SP)-and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-containing nerve terminals in the walls of the conus arteriosus, the sinus venosus and the atrium. Double labelling showed that nNOSimmunoreactive terminals do not co-label for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and choline acetyl transferase (ChAt). Coronary blood vessels running in the epicardium of the conus arteriosus and ventricle receive a rich supply of nNOS-positive nerve fibres. The main intracardial localization of nervous tissue is in a sinoatrial plexus corresponding to the pacemaker region of the heart. This plexus is a network of SP-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-positive nerve fibres and nerve cell bodies, but its function in fish cardiac regulation remains to be elucidated. This study provides morphological data on distinct nitrergic, peptidergic, ChAT and TH nerve terminals thus pertaining to the neurochemical content of the vagal motor and adrenergic, and intrinsic innervation revealing a complexity of the neuronal control of the garfish heart. The neurochemical features of the innervation patterns of the heart put Lepisosteus with teleosts and among the more apical actinopterygians.

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“…The bulbus arteriosus is the dominant portion of the OFT in derived teleosts, and was considered to be an acquisition of this fish group (see Icardo, ). However, recent evidence indicates that in more basal osteichthyes and in chondrichthyes (Icardo et al, ; Durán et al, ; Grimes et al, ), a distinct bulbus arteriosus, connecting the conus and the ventral aorta, is present within the pericardial cavity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological analysis of the hagfish heart. I. The ventricle, the arterial connection and the ventral aorta

Icardo

Colvée

Schorno

et al. 2015

Journal of Morphology

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We have studied the heart in three species of hagfish: Myxine glutinosa, Eptatretus stoutii, and Eptatretus cirrhatus and report about the morphology of the ventricle, the arterial connection and the ventral aorta. On the whole, the hagfish heart lacks outflow tract components, the ventricle and atrium adopt a dorso-caudal rather than a ventro-dorsal relationship, and the sinus venosus opens into the left side of the atrium. This may indicate a "defective" cardiac looping during embryogenesis. The ventral aorta is elongated in M. glutinosa and E. stoutii but sac-like in E. cirrhatus. The ventricles are entirely trabeculated. The myocytes show a low myofibrillar content and junctional complexes formed by fascia adherens and desmosomes. Gap junctions could not be demonstrated. Myocardial cells in M. glutinosa contain numerous lipid droplets. These droplets are less numerous in E. stoutii and practically absent in E. cirrhatus, suggesting different metabolic requirements. Other cell types present in the ventricle are chromaffin cells and granular leukocytes that contain rod-shaped granules. The ventricle-aorta connection is guarded by a bicuspid valve with left and right, pocket-like leaflets. The leaflets extend from the cranial end of the ventricle into the aorta but the junction is asymmetrical. This junction contains a ganglion-like structure in E. cirrhatus. The ventral aorta shows endothelial, media, and adventitial layers. The media contains smooth muscle cells surrounded by dense bands formed by tightly-packed extracellular filaments. In addition, a short number of elastic fibers are observed in M. glutinosa and E. stoutii. Cellular and extracellular elements are more loosely organized in the aorta of E. cirrhatus. The collagenous adventitia contains ganglion-like cells in the three species. In the absence of nerves, chromaffin and ganglion-like cells may control the activity of the myocardium and that of the aortic smooth muscle cells, respectively.

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Chondrichthyans have a bulbus arteriosus at the arterial pole of the heart: morphological and evolutionary implications

Cited by 31 publications

References 55 publications

Phylogeny informs ontogeny: a proposed common theme in the arterial pole of the vertebrate heart

Phylogeny informs ontogeny: a proposed common theme in the arterial pole of the vertebrate heart

Morphology, innervation and its phylogenetic step in the heart of the longnose gar Lepisosteus Osseus

Morphological analysis of the hagfish heart. I. The ventricle, the arterial connection and the ventral aorta

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