Chondroitin Sulfate Extracted from Ascidian Tunic Inhibits Phorbol Ester-Induced Expression of Inflammatory Factors VCAM-1 and COX-2 by Blocking NF-κB Activation in Mouse Skin

Xu, Cheng-Xiong; Jin, Hua; Chung, Young Seob; Shin, Ji‐Young; Lee, Kee-Ho; Beck, George R.; Palmos, Grace N.; Choi, Byeong-Dae; Cho, Myung‐Haing

doi:10.1021/jf801578x

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…NFkB lies upstream of many inflammatory processes and has been implicated in several diseases, including inflammation-related cancers (39). The proposed mechanism of NFkB inhibition is additionally supported by studies which have demonstrated that glucosamine and chondroitin also inhibit inflammatory factors downstream of NFkB signaling, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE 2 , as well as COX-2 expression (8, 9, 38, 40–42). These results hold in studies of glucosamine alone (8, 41), chondroitin alone (7, 38), and in studies of both supplements combined (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Use of glucosamine and chondroitin in relation to mortality

et al. 2012

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Background Glucosamine and chondroitin are products commonly used by older adults in the US and Europe. There is limited evidence that they have anti-inflammatory properties, which could provide risk reduction of several diseases. However, data on their long-term health effects is lacking. Objective To evaluate whether use of glucosamine and chondroitin are associated with cause-specific and total mortality. Design Participants (n = 77 510) were members of a cohort study of Washington State (US) residents aged 50–76 y who entered the cohort in 2000–2002 by completing a baseline questionnaire that included questions on glucosamine and chondroitin use. Participants were followed for mortality through 2008 (n = 5362 deaths). Hazard ratios for death adjusted for multiple covariates were estimated using Cox models. Results Current (baseline) glucosamine and chondroitin use were associated with a decreased risk of total mortality compared to never use. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) associated with current use of glucosamine (with or without chondroitin) was 0.82 (95% CI 0.75–0.90) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.78–0.96) for chondroitin (included in two-thirds of glucosamine supplements). Current use of glucosamine was associated with a significant decreased risk of death from cancer (HR 0.87 95% CI 0.76–0.98) and with a large risk reduction for death from respiratory diseases (HR 0.59 95% CI 0.41–0.83). Conclusions Use of glucosamine with or without chondroitin was associated with reduced total mortality and with reductions of several broad causes of death. Although bias cannot be ruled out, these results suggest that glucosamine may provide some mortality benefit.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Use of glucosamine and chondroitin in relation to mortality

et al. 2012

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“…Moreover, SC-FUC pretreatment could alleviate ethanol-induced histological damage, reverse changes in tissue oxidation and antioxidase activities, and regulate the signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases and matrix metalloproteinases [153]. Chondroitin sulfate isolated from ascidian Styela clava inhibited phorbol ester- and TNF-α-induced expression of inflammatory factors VCAM-1, COX-2 and iNOS by blocking Akt/NF-κB activation in mouse skin [154,155]. Anti-inflammatory activity of heparin analogues from ascidians and marine shrimps was also reported [156,157].…”

Section: Polysaccharides From Marine Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer and Cancer Preventive Properties of Marine Polysaccharides: Some Results and Prospects

et al. 2013

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Many marine-derived polysaccharides and their analogues have been reported as showing anticancer and cancer preventive properties. These compounds demonstrate interesting activities and special modes of action, differing from each other in both structure and toxicity profile. Herein, literature data concerning anticancer and cancer preventive marine polysaccharides are reviewed. The structural diversity, the biological activities, and the molecular mechanisms of their action are discussed.

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“…Appleton et al [34] note that Kottamides A-D, bioactive alkaloids derived from the New Zealand ascidian Pycnoclavella kottae exhibits anti-inflammatory activity as revealed by analysis with 15N natural 2-D NMR. In addition, Xu et al [35] discovered that chondroitin sulfate extracted from Styela clava suppressed inflammatory factors and enhanced the effect of treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). As explained, anti-inflammatory properties are often discovered for tunicate compounds when testing for cytotoxicity or other characteristics.…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunicates: A Vertebrate Ancestral Source of Antitumor Compounds

Cooper

Albert

2014

Handbook of Anticancer Drugs From Marine Origin

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An alarming increase in cancer deaths around the globe has sparked a quest for new effective antitumor drugs developed through biological screening of both terrestrial and marine organisms. Recently, analyses of marine-derived alkaloids isolated from tunicates, a close relative to vertebrates, reveal various anti-cancer activities including anti-angiogenic action, anti-proliferative activity, inhibition of key cellular events like topoisomerase function and tubulin polymerization with respect to cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Vast numbers of potential anticancer molecules in the marine biosphere cannot be underestimated. Tunicate compounds have already entered the market and shown significant success. Moreover, improved technology has enabled synthesis of these molecules by a diverse cadre of professionals including career biologists, immunobiologists, invertebrate immunologists, and marine biologists who use an amazing array of procedures. Although there are no guarantees of consistently reliable success, identifying and comprehending the basic nature of these compounds is a promising first step towards unique pharmaceutical designs that promise to provide a therapeutic solution.

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Chondroitin Sulfate Extracted from Ascidian Tunic Inhibits Phorbol Ester-Induced Expression of Inflammatory Factors VCAM-1 and COX-2 by Blocking NF-κB Activation in Mouse Skin

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Use of glucosamine and chondroitin in relation to mortality

Use of glucosamine and chondroitin in relation to mortality

Anticancer and Cancer Preventive Properties of Marine Polysaccharides: Some Results and Prospects

Tunicates: A Vertebrate Ancestral Source of Antitumor Compounds

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