2019
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0424-1
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Chondroitinase improves anatomical and functional outcomes after primate spinal cord injury

Abstract: Inhibitory extracellular matrices form around mature neurons as perineuronal nets containing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) that limit axonal sprouting after CNS injury. The enzyme chondroitinase (Chase) degrades the inhibitory CSPGs and improves axonal sprouting and functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rodents. We evaluated the effects of Chase in Rhesus monkeys that had undergone C7 spinal cord hemisection. Four weeks after hemisection, multiple intraparenchymal Chase injections t… Show more

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Cited by 109 publications
(73 citation statements)
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“…For example, astrocytes react and form a dense barrier around the lesion, stromal cells invade and form fibrous connective tissue with dense collagen and CSPG deposition, and OPCs proliferate and surround dystrophic axons (Pasterkamp and Verhaagen, 2006;Cregg et al, 2014;Dias et al, 2018). Efforts to prevent or dissociate the glial scar have been shown to improve axon regeneration (for example, see Rosenzweig et al, 2019). However, the biology of the glial scar is much more nuanced, and oversimplification of this complex healing and regeneration process can hinder advances in the field (Bradbury and Burnside, 2019).…”
Section: Modulating Glial Cell-axonal Growth Cone Interactions To Aidmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, astrocytes react and form a dense barrier around the lesion, stromal cells invade and form fibrous connective tissue with dense collagen and CSPG deposition, and OPCs proliferate and surround dystrophic axons (Pasterkamp and Verhaagen, 2006;Cregg et al, 2014;Dias et al, 2018). Efforts to prevent or dissociate the glial scar have been shown to improve axon regeneration (for example, see Rosenzweig et al, 2019). However, the biology of the glial scar is much more nuanced, and oversimplification of this complex healing and regeneration process can hinder advances in the field (Bradbury and Burnside, 2019).…”
Section: Modulating Glial Cell-axonal Growth Cone Interactions To Aidmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While average group differences are small, 10% of the treated dogs recovered independent ambulation which may represent an estimate of the “true” population effect is in such a large and heterogeneous sample size of 60 dogs (Moon & Bradbury, ). Cervical hemisection in rhesus monkeys and intrathecal administration 4 weeks later resulted in increased CST axon growth and formation of synapses from CST axons caudal to the lesion (Rosenzweig et al, ). This correlated with improved hand function compared to vehicle‐treated controls.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…PNNs have been implicated in regulating plasticity within CNS tissue (Sorg et al, 2016;Fawcett et al, 2019), and their digestion using the chondroitinase ABC enzyme (within the intermediate zone and ventral horn) has been linked to improved functional recovery following spinal injury (Rosenzweig et al, 2019). As illustrated in our monkeys (Figure 8)…”
Section: Perineuronal Nets Were Not Implicated In Axonal Sprouting Inmentioning
confidence: 75%