Choosing Research Participants

Saunders, Mark N. K.

doi:10.4135/9781526435620.n3

Cited by 182 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…We contacted potential participants by telephone or email to answer any questions about the study and to arrange an interview, either in their own home or in a place of their choosing. All participants gave informed written consent before the interview started.The study was approved for national recruitment by Berkshire Research Ethics Committee (09/H0505/66).We sought a maximum variation purposive sample (Coyne, 1997;Saunders, 2012) in order to capture a wide range of different experiences. We aimed for variation across a number of demographic characteristics including gender, ethnicity and geographical location (although with a planned focus on Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire for recruitment via clinicians).…”

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confidence: 99%

Making Sense of an Unknown Terrain

et al. 2016

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Self-harm is common in young people, and can have profound effects on parents and other family members. We conducted narrative interviews with 41 parents and other family members of 38 young people, aged up to 25, who had self-harmed. Most of the participants were parents, but included one sibling and one spouse. This article reports experiences of the parent participants. A cross-case thematic analysis showed that most participants were bewildered by self-harm. The disruption to their world-view brought about by self-harm prompted many to undergo a process of 'sense-making' -by ruminative introspection, looking for information and building a new way of seeing -in order to understand and come to terms with self-harm. Most participants appeared to have been successful in making sense of self-harm, though not without considerable effort and emotional struggle. Our findings provide grounds for a deeper socio-cultural understanding of the impact of self-harm on parents.Keywords: Self-harm; adolescence; young adults; parents; families 3 Self-harm is defined as intentional self-injury or self-poisoning regardless of motive (Hawton, Saunders & O'Connor, 2012; Oldershaw, Richards, Simic & Scmidt, 2008). It is common in young people, with some studies reporting up to 38% of young adults engaging in self-harm (Andover, Primack, Gibb & Pepper, 2010). Between 10-17% of adolescents are said to selfharm (Hawton, Rodham, Evans & Weatherall, 2002;Klonsky, 2009). While some research suggests that rates of self-harm are comparable in men and women (Andover et al. 2010), international studies with large community samples show that self-harm occurs three to four times more often in female adolescents than in males (Hawton et al., 2002; Madge et al., 2008;O'Connor, Rasmussen, Miles & Hawton, 2009., Mars et al., 2014McMahon et al. 2014). While suicidal intent may or may not be involved, the most frequent motives for selfharm are intrapersonal -e.g. affect regulation, self-punishment (Klonsky, 2009) or interpersonal -e.g. appeal to others (Scoliers et al., 2009; Hjelmeland et al., 2002). Self-harm is frequently repeated (Hawton et al., 2002;Hawton, Bergen, Kapur, Cooper, Steeg et al., 2012) and often done in secret (Madge et al., 2008). While self-harm in young people often ceases by late adolescence or early adulthood (Moran et al., 2012) it can be a precursor of specific mental health problems (Mars et al., 2014). It also carries a significant risk of suicide .Previous qualitative research has explored the needs, perspectives and responses of parents to their children's self-harm (Byrne, Morgan, Fitzpatrick et al., 2008., Oldershaw et al., 2008Raphael, Clarke & Kumar, 2006). These studies found that parents were deeply distressed by self-harm and that they struggled to understand and cope with it. They often felt helpless and worried about future incidents of self-harm. Their anxieties were increased by feeling that they lacked the parenting skills to respond appropriately, in some cases, and that they did not always rece...

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confidence: 99%

Making Sense of an Unknown Terrain

et al. 2016

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“…Guest, Bunce and Johnson, 2006;Saunders, 2012). We also contend that our focus on behaviour through the lens of the General Secretary and divisional officers, rather than the rank-and-file, is consistent with the theoretical framework of a managerial approach to organising and renewal.…”

Section: Methodology and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

What are the consequences of a managerial approach to union renewal for union behaviour? A case study of USDAW

2017

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to explore the consequences of a managerial approach to renewal for a union's behaviour by analysing the UK's fourth largest trade union -The Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers (USDAW). Design/methodology/approach -The findings draw on in-depth semi-structured interviews with union officials. Findings -The research findings show the significance of a managerialist approach to UDSAW's renewal strategy and its correlation with existing renewal strategies of organising and partnership. However, this approach was not immune to context, with tensions between agency and articulation challenging the basic concept of managerialism and influencing union behaviour.Research limitations/implications -The data were collected from a single case with a small sample size. Practical implications -The authors' findings suggest that tensions between bureaucracy and democracy will mediate the extent to which managerialist approaches can be used within unions adding support to the strategic choice theory and underlying arguments that unions can influence their fortune. However, institutional and external pressures could see managerialism becoming more prevalent, with oligarchic and bureaucratic forces prevailing, which could be particularly applicable to unions operating in challenging contexts, such as USDAW. The managerialisation of unions has consequences for union officers; with officers facing increasing pressure in their roles to behave as managers with attendant implications for role conflict, identity and motivation. Social implications -If managerialism is becoming more prevalent with unions, with oligarchic and bureaucratic forces prevailing, this has potentially wider societal implications, whereby collectivism and worker-led democracy could become scarcer within unions and the workplace, thus irretrievably altering the nature of the employment relationship. Originality/value -This paper brings together disparate themes in the literature to propose a conceptual framework of three key elements of managerialism: centralised strategies; performance management and the managerialisation of union roles. The authors' findings demonstrate how there is scope for unions to adopt a hybrid approach to renewal, and to draw upon their internal resources, processes and techniques to implement change, including behavioural change. Consequently, theories and empirical studies of union renewal need to better reflect the complexities of approaches that unions are now adopting and further explore these models within the agency and articulation principles that underpin the nature of unions.

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“…The purposive sampling is employed when random sampling is not appropriate due to lack of access to entire group and only a limited number of relevant cases are available [58]. The aim of purposive sampling in this study is to select rich-in-information experts to get deep information, so, it is not necessary to take huge samples when smaller ones produce the same results [59]. The number of participants selected for purposive sampling is often small [60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Historic Waterfront Revitalization Decision Support Tool for Attracting Tourists

et al. 2018

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Waterfront revitalization would be an effective strategy to preserve heritages, conserve the contaminated or abandoned site and inspire the identity and authenticity. However, there is no decision support tool to quantify and evaluate the sustainability accreditation of waterfronts in tourism attraction. This research aimed to identify the most potential waterfront typology in tourism attraction and develop the waterfront sustainable revitalization (SWR) index assessment model. The SWR index can assist policy makers and urban developers to analyze the heritage waterfronts using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The research found out the historic waterfront has the highest potential in tourism attraction among other typologies. And, pollution moderator is mostly important sub-criterion in tourism absorption (W C2.2 = 0.1294); followed by Identity (W C1.2 = 0.1272) and Safety and well-being (W C1.3 = 0.1043). The SWR index can be applied in any waterfronts in heritage cities around the world, while this research implemented it as a case study in Bandar Maharani, Muar, Malaysia. It resulted Bandar Maharani was ranked as grade C; means, usable waterfront to which extent environmental, social and physical revitalization are needed. The SWR index can be coupled with other decision-making methods in future, to reduce its inconsistencies and increasing accuracy.

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Choosing Research Participants

Cited by 182 publications

References 0 publications

Making Sense of an Unknown Terrain

Making Sense of an Unknown Terrain

What are the consequences of a managerial approach to union renewal for union behaviour? A case study of USDAW

A Sustainable Historic Waterfront Revitalization Decision Support Tool for Attracting Tourists

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