Horsehair or gordian worms are a group of parasites under phylum Nematomorpha. As compared to most other animal phyla rather little attention has been given to the taxonomy and biodiversity of this group. About 350 species of gordian worms have been described worldwide so far and descriptions of many species are either inadequate or incomplete. The projected global species diversity of Nematomorphs has been estimated to be around 2,000 species, and a more extensive taxonomic and biodiversity research on this group can fill up this vacuum. Of various genera in the phylum Nematomorpha, Chordodes constitutes as the largest group, comprising of about 96 species. The cuticle of Chordodes species is considered to be very complex, as it possesses several different shapes and sized structures called areoles. The highest diversity of areoles has been recorded in the genus Chordodes. To distinguish between the species of Chordodes, a range of morphological characters are used, however, what is considered to be more important is the shape and size of various types of areoles and their distribution pattern in different body regions. In the past, many Chordodes species were studied mostly by means of light microscopy (LM), wherein species descriptions and determinations were made on the basis of presence or absence of different types of areoles or their spatial distribution on body cuticle. However, using LM alone, the exact nature of the cuticular pattern of these areoles could not be elucidated sufficiently for many Chordodes species, which very often resulted into ambiguities and difficulties in their proper identification. In the recent years, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been applied to describe many Chordodes species and it has proven to be a useful tool to elucidate the fine cuticular armature of these worms in a more reliable manner. This article discusses the role of SEM in understanding the nature of various types of areoles present on Chordodes cuticle and their potential significance in taxonomic and biodiversity studies of this group.