Choroid plexus cysts do not affect fetal neurodevelopment

DiPietro, Janet A.; Costigan, Kathleen A.; Cristofalo, Elizabeth; Lu, Yue; Bird, Christopher; McShane, Cyrethia; Crino, Jude P.

doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7211574

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The observed decline in fetal heart rate and corresponding increase in variability over segments within the second half of gestation was reported in the original Monograph (Sontag & Richards, 1938) and many times since (Nijhuis et al, 1998; Pillai & James, 1990b; Ribbert, Fidler, & Visser, 1991; Van Leeuwen, Lange, Bettermann, Gronemeyer, & Hatzmann, 1999), including individual cohorts subsumed in this analysis (DiPietro, Costigan, et al, 2006; DiPietro, Caulfield, et al, 2004; DiPietro et al, 2010). Prior quantification of variability has been based on a number of time dependent and independent methods computed over various intervals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…That analysis revealed that the lagged relationships between maternal heart rate, skin conductance, and spontaneous fetal motor activity were instigated by fetal movement such that maternal heart rate and skin conductance demonstrated brief, phasic increases within 2 to 3 s of onset of a fetal movement (DiPietro, Irizarry, et al, 2004). This finding was replicated on another, sociodemographically distinct sample (DiPietro, Caulfield, et al, 2006). We have also documented a maternal physiological response when fetal motor activity is induced by a percussive external sound, despite maternal auditory masking (DiPietro, Voegtline, et al, 2013).…”

Section: Chapter 12 General Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…For example, if fetuses make fewer individual movements over time, but the duration of each increases, a measure of overall fetal motor activity would be unaffected (Roberts et al, 1980). Within our own cohorts, we have reported declines in fetal motor activity during the second half of gestation (DiPietro, Costigan, et al, 2006; DiPietro et al, 1996b), no change (DiPietro et al, 1998), or an increase (DiPietro et al, 2010). Conclusions depend on whether variable definitions addressed movement frequency or signal amplitude, although these are interrelated because decisions made on whether the fetus is moving or not are based on amplitude thresholds of the actograph output.…”

Section: Chapter 6 Fetal Motor Activitymentioning

confidence: 82%

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DiPietro¹,

Costigan²,

Voegtline³

2015

Monographs Society Res Child

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Among the earliest volumes of this Monograph series was a report by Lester Sontag and colleagues, of the esteemed Fels Institute, on the heart rate of the human fetus as an expression of the developing nervous system. Here, some 75 years later, we commemorate this work and provide historical and contemporary context on knowledge regarding fetal development, as well as results from our own research. These are based on synchronized monitoring of maternal and fetal parameters assessed between 24 and 36 weeks gestation on 740 maternal-fetal pairs compiled from eight separate longitudinal studies, which commenced in the early 1990s. Data include maternal heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and electrodermal activity and fetal heart rate, motor activity, and their integration. Hierarchical linear modeling of developmental trajectories reveals that the fetus develops in predictable ways consistent with advancing parasympathetic regulation. Findings also include: within-fetus stability (i.e., preservation of rank ordering over time) for heart rate, motor, and coupling measures; a transitional period of decelerating development near 30 weeks gestation; sex differences in fetal heart rate measures but not in most fetal motor activity measures; modest correspondence in fetal neurodevelopment among siblings as compared to unrelated fetuses; and deviations from normative fetal development in fetuses affected by intrauterine growth restriction and other conditions. Maternal parameters also change during this period of gestation and there is evidence that fetal sex and individual variation in fetal neurobehavior influence maternal physiological processes and the local intrauterine context. Results are discussed within the framework of neuromaturation, the emergence of individual differences, and the bidirectional nature of the maternal-fetal relationship. We pose a number of open questions for future research. Although the human fetus remains just out of reach, new technologies portend an era of accelerated discovery of the earliest period of development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Chapter 12 General Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Chapter 6 Fetal Motor Activitymentioning

confidence: 82%

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DiPietro¹,

Costigan²,

Voegtline³

2015

Monographs Society Res Child

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“…Detection of choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) occurs in an estimated 0.5–3.6% of routine mid‐gestation ultrasound exams (Chinn et al , 1991; Kupferminc et al , 1994; Demasio et al , 2002; DiPietro et al , 2006). While isolated CPCs are generally considered to be soft markers and a minor variation from normal anatomy without functional significance, parents are often informed of their detection due to the increased incidence in fetuses with aneuploidy, although this practice has been the subject of substantial debate (Filly et al , 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…femur length, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, and head circumference) or aspects of fetal neurobehavioral functioning (i.e. fetal heart rate patterning, motor activity, and their inter‐relation) measured from 24 to 36 weeks of gestation (DiPietro et al , 2006). However, only two studies have extended investigation into the post‐neonatal time period; both are limited by sample size and methodological considerations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated prenatal choroid plexus cysts do not affect child development

DiPietro

Cristofalo²,

Voegtline

et al. 2011

Prenatal Diagnosis

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Objective To examine the effect of isolated prenatal choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) on child cognitive, behavioral, motor, and autonomic development at 18 months of age. Methods A prospective design was implemented to identify CPC cases and controls in mid-pregnancy. Cases (n = 25) and controls (n = 45) participated in a follow-up visit when children were 18 months of age. Child mental and motor development was assessed using standard developmental assessments, socioemotional and behavioral functioning during testing was rated by examiners, and accelerometers provided measures of motor activity and energy expenditure. Cardiac patterns were collected using a three-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and quantified as indicators of autonomic control of the heart, including vagal tone. Results No significant differences were found in any outcome measure between children with prenatal CPC detection and those without. Conclusion Findings should provide reassurance to practitioners and parents that isolated CPCs in fetuses with normal karyotypes do not affect child development after birth.

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The Course and Neonatal Outcome of Choroid Plexus Extension to the Anterior Horn at the Routine Anatomy Scan

Anabusi

Mei‐Dan

Stratulat

et al. 2022

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives Our objective was to examine the pregnancy course and immediate neonatal outcome of fetuses with an isolated extension of choroid plexus (CP) to the anterior horn during the second trimester. Methods We prospectively collected the cases referred to us between July 2012 and January 2021 with isolated finding of CP extension to the anterior horn. Relevant clinical and demographic information was recorded, and a full anatomy scan including a comprehensive neurosonogram was performed. In cases of confirmed isolated extension of CP to the anterior horns, women were offered further investigation including fetal MRI, and ultrasound follow up. Results We collected 29 eligible cases for analysis. The mean gestational age (GA ± SD) for diagnosis and referral was 19.24 ± 2.3 weeks. No other intracranial anomalies were detected in any of the cases, and the finding resolved at 25 ± 2.6 weeks. The average extension length and width to the anterior horn were 0.7 ± 0.3 cm, and 0.5 ± 0.1 cm, respectively. Eleven fetuses (38%) had choroid plexus cyst (CPC) in addition to the extension. Ten patients (35%) completed a fetal brain MRI, with no identified abnormalities. Gross neurological exam and Apgar score at birth were normal. Conclusion Extension of CP to anterior horn with or without CPC at mid‐trimester seems to have spontaneous resolution with likely a good prognosis and no further implications.

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Choroid plexus cysts do not affect fetal neurodevelopment

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

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Isolated prenatal choroid plexus cysts do not affect child development

The Course and Neonatal Outcome of Choroid Plexus Extension to the Anterior Horn at the Routine Anatomy Scan

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