Choroid Plexus Papilloma Arising From the Temporal Horn With a Bilateral Hypersecretory Hydrocephalus: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the cerebral ventricular system is secreted by a neuroepithelial tissue which is called as the choroid plexus. Tumors arising from these tissues are rare. Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) have been denoted as WHO grade I of the choroid plexus tumors. Among the intracranial tumors, neoplasms of the choroid plexus constitute around 0.36-0.6%. CPPs are mostly slow growing and cause symptoms due to mass effect and obstructive hydrocephalus, resulting in increased intracranial pressure. We report a case of CPP arising from the temporal horn in a 7-year-old girl presenting with progressive head enlargement since birth due to bilateral massive hydrocephalus without any obstruction, making it purely a hypersecretory hydrocephalus. A drainage procedure followed by complete tumor resection was carried out in our case and the patient showed marked relief from her symptoms.

Persistence of communicating hydrocephalus post choroid plexus tumor resection: Case reports and review of literature

“…[ Table 1 ][ 4 , 9 , 13 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 32 , 35 , 39 , 40 , 42 ] shows reported cases with communicating hydrocephalus and the need for postoperative CSF diversion. A total of 31 cases of communicating hydrocephalus with choroid plexus tumors were reported in literature: 22 (71%) of those required a postoperative shunt, 9 (29%) showed no persistent hydrocephalus and were cured without a shunt.…”

Hydrocephalus secondary to tumors of the posterior fossa: review article

“…HPFt is predominantly obstructive. [12][13][14] It is classified as intra-axial if the tumor lesion exerts a mass effect on the outlet of the fourth ventricle (V4), and extra-axial if what occurs is a secondary compression of the venous outflow. 6,12 The severity of hydrocephalus can be established with the standardized method used by Choudhury in 1995, 15 determining the ventricular/biparietal (V/BP) ratio (mathematical ratio) from a computed tomography of the skull (axial slice).…”

“…16 Blockage of CSF circulation is the main cause of HPFt. [12][13][14] In a small percentage, the pathophysiological mechanism is due to increased CSF production (eg, choroid plexus papilloma) or decreased absorption (tumors with CSF seeding and leptomeningeal infiltration, eg, ependymoma, medulloblastoma, tumor metastasis breast). 29,30,32 It should be noted that, prior to performing any surgical intervention, up to 30% of pediatric patients do not present imaging signs of hydrocephalus, [6][7][8] this percentage being higher in adults, where the absence of signs of hydrocephalus can be found up to in 90% of cases.…”

The cerebellar peduncle as localization of a recurrent atypical plexus papilloma: A case report

“…The tumor classification of the World Health Organization (WHO) differentiates between benign forms, CPP (Grade I), atypical forms (Grade II), and malignant forms, such as the CP carcinoma, CPC (Grade III). [5,14] CPPs constitute 0.3–0.6% of all brain tumors[6] with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. [10] They represent 1.5–4% of pediatric intracranial tumors and 0.5% of intracranial brain tumors in adults.…”