Choroidal changes observed with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in patients with mild Graves orbitopathy

Özkan, Berna; Koçer, Çiğdem Akdağ; Altıntaş, Özgül; Karabaş, Levent; Acar, Ali; Yüksel, Nurşen

doi:10.1038/eye.2016.93

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Disease activity of TAO was assessed clinically by orbital and ocular inflammatory symptoms and signs known as the CAS . Previous studies on Caucasian patients showed correlation between subfoveal choroidal thickness and CAS . However, no association was found in the current study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…Three recent studies in Caucasians and a study in Chinese have shown that TAO patients had increased subfoveal choroidal thickness compared to normal controls . In the current study, we found that the choroidal thicknesses at 1 to 2 mm away for the fovea (except inferior 2 mm) were also significantly higher than those in normal subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Choroid is the most vascular ocular structure and has been instrumental in the assessment of various ocular diseases . However, information on choroidal changes in TAO is limited . This current study found thicker choroid in patients with TAO compared to healthy subjects over the macula but not the peripapillary regions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

“…Enhanced depth imaging (EDI) OCT technology has been shown to measure choroidal thickness in vivo with high precision and reproducibility. However, there is limited information on choroidal thickness in TAO patients in the literature …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is limited information on choroidal thickness in TAO patients in the literature. 6,7 Choroid is highly vascularized and receives greater than 70% of ocular blood flow. 5 It provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Choroidal thickness in thyroid‐associated orbitopathy

Lai

Iao

et al. 2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Importance To investigate the choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with thyroid‐associated orbitopathy (TAO). Background To compare CT of TAO patients and healthy subjects. Design Prospective cross‐sectional study in a public hospital. Participants One hundred and four eyes of 52 TAO patients and 52 eyes of 26 healthy subjects. Methods CT was measured with enhanced‐depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI‐OCT) at the subfoveal, macular and peripapillary regions. Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the associations of subfoveal CT with systemic and ocular variables among TAO eyes. Main Outcome Measures CT of both groups. Results CT of eyes with TAO was significantly increased at the subfoveal region, 1 and 2 mm from the fovea nasally, temporally and superiorly, and 1 mm inferior to the fovea (all P < .05). No significant difference was found in CT at 2 mm inferior to the fovea (P = .094) and all four quadrants of the peripapillary region (superior, P = .096; nasal, P = .732; inferior, P = .179; temporal, P = .052). Among TAO eyes, thinner subfoveal choroid was associated with worsening exophthalmos (P = .043), poorer visual acuity (P = .017), increasing age (P = .040) and axial length (P < .001). There was no association between CT and clinical activity score (P = .239). Conclusions and Relevance TAO patients showed thicker choroid than controls over the macula, but not the peripapillary regions. Thinner subfoveal choroid was associated with worsening exophthalmos and poorer vision. EDI‐OCT can monitor choroidal vascular changes associated with TAO and its complications.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Choroidal thickness in thyroid‐associated orbitopathy

Lai

Iao

et al. 2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Evaluation of choroidal thickness and choroidal vascular blood flow in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) using SD-OCT and Angio-OCT

Noce

Vagge

Nicolò

et al. 2020

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Evaluation of peripapillary vascular flow in patients with Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy (TAO) by OCT Angiography

Noce

Roda

Valsecchi

et al. 2022

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose To evaluate changes in peripapillary vascular blood flow indices (PVBFI) in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) using OCT angiography (OCTA) technology. Methods Patients with TAO and control subjects matched for age and sex were included in the study. Eye examination, Clinical Activity Score (CAS) evaluation and OCTA scan analysis (Topcon ImageNet 6; DRI OCT Triton, Topcon Corporation) were performed. In particular, PVBFI of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), outer retina (OR) and choriocapillaris (CC) layers were obtained by OCTA and extracted from 8-bit greyscale OCT images using the ImageJ software package. Results Twenty-six patients with TAO (19 females, mean age 54.7 ± 5.2 and 7 males, mean age 51.4 ± 16.3) were compared with 26 healthy subjects (15 females, mean age 48.2 ± 14.1 and 11 males, mean age 53.1 ± 15.2). Both DCP-PVBF and CC-PVBFI were significantly reduced in TAO patients compared to control eyes (28.6 ± 2.1 vs. 29.7 ± 0.93, p = 0.002; 46.5 ± 1.72 vs. 47.2 ± 1.2, p = 0.019 respectively); on the other hand, no statistically significant differences were found in SCP-PVBFI and OR-PVBFI in TAO patients compared to healthy subjects (p > 0.05). Also, CC-PVBFI was associated with elevated values of CAS (p = 0.018) and ROC curve showed that patients with elevated CC-PVBFI were correlated with active TAO (CAS > 3) (p = 0.012). Conclusions TAO disease may be associated with changes in DCP-PVBFI and CC-PVBFI; also, CC-PVBFI seems to correlate with disease activity.

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Choroidal changes observed with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in patients with mild Graves orbitopathy

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

Choroidal thickness in thyroid‐associated orbitopathy

Choroidal thickness in thyroid‐associated orbitopathy

Evaluation of choroidal thickness and choroidal vascular blood flow in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) using SD-OCT and Angio-OCT

Evaluation of peripapillary vascular flow in patients with Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy (TAO) by OCT Angiography

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