Choto-san in the treatment of vascular dementia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Terasawa, Katsutoshi; Shimada, Yutaka; Kita, Toshiaki; Yamamoto, Takayuki; Tosa, Hiroyori; Tanaka, Naoki; Saito, Yutaro; Kanaki, Eisuke; Goto, S; Mizushima, N.; Fujioka, Masato; Takase, Sadao; Seki, Hirobumi; Kimura, Ikuro; Ogawa, Takanobu; Nakamura, S.; Araki, Goro; Maruyama, I; Maruyama, Yasuhiro; Takaori, Shuji

doi:10.1016/s0944-7113(97)80022-0

Cited by 97 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Chotosan, a Kampo (traditional medicine of Japan) prescription medicine, consists of 10 medicinal herbs and Gypsum fibrosum and is used to treat chronic headache and hypertension. Pharmacological studies have reported that Chotosan prevented the occurrence of stroke, prolonged the life span of SHspR [64] , and ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in stroke patients [65,66] . Recent data indicate that Chotosan improves chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced spatial learning deficit via stimulation of M1 muscarinic AChRs [42] .…”

Section: Acetylcholine Receptor Agonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic deficiency involved in vascular dementia: possible mechanism and strategy of treatment

2009

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Vascular dementia (VaD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a high prevalence. Several studies have recently reported that VaD patients present cholinergic deficits in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that may be closely related to the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment. Moreover, cholinergic therapies have shown promising effects on cognitive improvement in VaD patients. The precise mechanisms of these cholinergic agents are currently not fully understood; however, accumulating evidence indicates that these drugs may act through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, in which the efferent vagus nerve signals suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine release and inhibit inflammation, although regulation of oxidative stress and energy metabolism, alleviation of apoptosis may also be involved. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of the cholinergic treatment strategy for VaD and its relevant mechanisms of anti-inflammation.

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Section: Acetylcholine Receptor Agonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic deficiency involved in vascular dementia: possible mechanism and strategy of treatment

2009

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“…There are a few reports concerning the study of the effects of traditional Chinese medicine in post-stroke patients. The effects on aspiration pneumonia [16] and cognitive function [17,18] of post-stroke patients for the short term were reported. Of course, maintaining function and ability, and prolonging the period of social life are also of major importance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of Hemiparesis in a Patient with an Intracerebral Hemorrhage at the Basal Ganglia, Thalamus, and Internal Capsule Treated with a Combination of Traditional Korean Medicine and Western Medicine

Ah-hyun¹,

최현민²,

Jiyoon³

et al. 2017

J Int Korean Med

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In post-stroke patients, the recurrence of stroke and progression of impairments lead to a bedridden state and dementia. As for their treatments, only anti-hypertension and anti-coagulation therapies to prevent the recurrence of stroke are available. In Asia, post-stroke patients with impairments are often treated with herbal medicine. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of tokishakuyakusan (TS) in improving the impairment and independence in post-stroke patients. Thirty-one post-stroke patients (mean age = 81.4 years) were recruited and enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to the TS group (n = 16) or nontreatment (control) group (n = 15) and treated for 12 months. Impairments were assessed using the Stroke Impairment Assessment Set (SIAS). Independence was evaluated using the functional independence measure (FIM). For each outcome measure, mean change was calculated every 3 months. The results were that impairments according to SIAS did not significantly change in the TS group. In contrast, SIAS significantly worsened in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups. In each term of SIAS, affected lower extremity scores, abdominal muscle strength, function of visuospatial perception, and so forth. in the TS group were better than those in the control group. Independence according to FIM did not change significantly in the TS group. In contrast, FIM significantly worsened in the control group. There was also a significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, TS was considered to suppress the impairments of lower limbs and to exert a favorable effect on cerebral function for post-stroke patients.

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“…Two double-blind controlled studies showed the effectiveness of CTS in the treatment of vascular dementia [16,17]. CTS administration for twelve weeks significantly improved neuropsychiatric symptoms compared to the placebo.…”

Section: Chotosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Dementia-related Symptoms with Japanese Traditional Medicine (Kampo): A Review of Clinical Studies

Okamoto¹

2017

J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism

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Choto-san in the treatment of vascular dementia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Cited by 97 publications

References 20 publications

Cholinergic deficiency involved in vascular dementia: possible mechanism and strategy of treatment

Cholinergic deficiency involved in vascular dementia: possible mechanism and strategy of treatment

A Case Report of Hemiparesis in a Patient with an Intracerebral Hemorrhage at the Basal Ganglia, Thalamus, and Internal Capsule Treated with a Combination of Traditional Korean Medicine and Western Medicine

Treatment of Dementia-related Symptoms with Japanese Traditional Medicine (Kampo): A Review of Clinical Studies

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