Christchurch Psychiatric Epidemiology Study, Part I: Methodology and Lifetime Prevalence for Specific Psychiatric Disorders

Wells, J. Elisabeth; Bushnell, John; Hornblow, Andrew; Joyce, Peter R.; Oakley‐Browne, Mark

doi:10.3109/00048678909068289

Cited by 266 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The 1.5% lifetime prevalence estimate of probable NAP based on preliminary clinical review of CID open-ended responses is in the middle of the range of prevalence estimates in past community epidemiological surveys (Bland et al 1988;Canino et al 1987;Hwu et al 1989;Keith et al 1991;Kendler et al 1996;Lee et al 1990;Wells et al 1989;Wittchen et al 1992). This was achieved, though, using a much smaller set of screening questions than in previous surveys as well as with a much smaller proportion of respondents who endorsed the questions than in previous surveys (6 compared to 14 screening questions and 9.3% compared to 28.4% of respondents who endorsed screening questions in the NCS-R compared to the NCS).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The estimated lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder in community epidemiological surveys using fully structured lay-administered diagnostic interviews have been in the range 0.3-1.6% (Bland et al 1988;Canino et al 1987;Hwu et al 1989;Keith et al 1991;Kendler et al 1996;Lee et al 1990;Wells et al 1989;Wittchen et al 1992). Assuming that positive predictive value (PPV) of these diagnoses is in the .16-.30 range found in the published clinical calibration studies based on these surveys and assuming that negative predictive value (NPV) is close to 1.0, lifetime prevalence of clinician-diagnosed schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder in these community surveys is 0.0-0.5%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Prevalence and Correlates of Nonaffective Psychosis in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)

Kessler

Birnbaum

Demler

et al. 2005

Biological Psychiatry

359

241

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Correlates of Nonaffective Psychosis in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)

Kessler

Birnbaum

Demler

et al. 2005

Biological Psychiatry

359

241

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“…While most 1-year and lifetime rates for social phobia were found to be between 1.2 and 2.6 times higher for women, compared with men, there were studies reporting lifetime rates for women that were 5 times (38) and 12.5 times (40) rates for men. Furthermore, there were studies demonstrating higher lifetime prevalence rates for social phobia in men, compared with women (38,43).…”

Section: Total Anxiety Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Incidence Studies of Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2006

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Objective: To present the results of a systematic review of literature published between 1980 and 2004 reporting findings of the prevalence and incidence of anxiety disorders in the general population.Method: A literature search of epidemiologic studies of anxiety disorders was conducted, using MEDLINE and HealthSTAR databases, canvassing English-language publications. Eligible publications were restricted to studies that examined age ranges covering the adult population. A set of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to identify relevant studies. Prevalence and incidence data were extracted and analyzed for heterogeneity.Results: A total of 41 prevalence and 5 incidence studies met eligibility criteria. We found heterogeneity across 1-year and lifetime prevalence rates of all anxiety disorder categories. Pooled 1-year and lifetime prevalence rates for total anxiety disorders were 10.6% and 16.6%. Pooled rates for individual disorders varied widely. Women had generally higher prevalence rates across all anxiety disorder categories, compared with men, but the magnitude of this difference varied. Conclusion:The international prevalence of anxiety disorders varies greatly between published epidemiologic reports. The variability associated with all anxiety disorders is considerably smaller than the variability associated with individual disorders.Women report higher rates of anxiety disorders than men. Several factors were found to be associated with heterogeneity among rates, including diagnostic criteria, diagnostic instrument, sample size, country studied, and response rate. Clinical Implications · Significant heterogeneity in the prevalence of anxiety disorders signals the need for population-specific health policies and planning. · The prevalence of anxiety disorders eclipses the capacity of specialized mental health services. · Anxiety disorders remain prevalent throughout ages 18 to 64 years. Limitations· The observed heterogeneity may be related to environmental or cultural factors associated with the location of each contributing investigation. · Variance owing to methods of diagnosis and measurement account for a limited portion of the observed heterogeneity. · An insufficient number of incidence studies are available to clarify details concerning the onset of symptoms.

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“…Autore Essen-Moller & Hagnell, 1961Murphy, 1980Helgason, 1961Thacoreef at., 1975Sorensen & Stroemgren, 1961Bash & Bash-Liechti, 1964Blazer & Williams, 1980Wing et al, 1978Weissmane/a/., 1978Duncan-Jones & Henderson, 1978Hallstrom, 1973 Studio ECA Robins et al, 1984Weissmane/a/., 1988Regieref at., 1988Myers et al, 1984Dean et al, 1983 Wittchen # a/., 1992 Hwu et al, 1989Blander al., 1988a, 1988bWeissman et al, 1988Karno et al, 1987 Karnoe/a/., 1987 Canino et al, 1987Angst & Dobler-Mikola, 1985bFaravelli et al, 1990Wells et al, 1989Lepine et al, 1989 Karame/a/., 1991 (f) = campione di solo femmine 1947 1952 1957 1965/6 1970 1970 1972 1974/5 1975 1976 1980 1980 …”

Section: Tabella II -Prevalenza Delta Depressione Maggiore (Diagnosimentioning

confidence: 99%

Ansia e depressione nella popolazione generale

Faravelli¹,

Paterniti²,

Taberna³

1994

Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc

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Negli anni '50-'60 Pepidemiologia psichiatrica ricevette un forte impulso, in seguito alia dimostrazione dell'alta frequenza dei disturbi psichiatrici, sia a livello di comunita che tra i pazienti afferenti ai medici di base (Shepherd et ah, 1966; Goldberg & Black well, 1970), tra i quali si riscontra una prevalenza di morbilita psichiatrica che si aggira tra il 25% e il 35% (Skuse & Williams, 1984).Con l'adozione dei criteri diagnostici operazionali (in primis Research Diagnostic Criteria e criteri del DSM-III) si ebbe il cosiddetto «Rinascimento della epidemiologia», che vide il fiorire di diversi studi di popolazione su larga scala: lo studio di New Haven del 1975 -76 (Weissman et al., 1978, la National Survey del 1979(Uhlenhuth et al., 1983, e poi il piu noto studio ECA (Epidemiologic Catchment Area), che coinvolge alcune citta americane , a cui seguirono varie altre ricerche in varie parti del mondo. Caratteristiche di studio peculiari furono adottate a Zurigo e a Monaco, dove fu adottata una metodologia di indagine epidemiologica prospettica. Ai primi anni '90, infine, risalgono le prime collaborazioni internazionali, che hanno permesso l'esecuzione di studi epidemiologici transculturali (Cross-National Collaborative Study).Elemento comune di tutti questi studi e stato quello di ribadire e amplificare ulteriormente il dato, gia segnalato negli anni '50, di una altissima prevalenza delle patologie legate ad ansia e depressione.Indirizzo per la corrispondenza: Professor C. Faravelli, Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche e Psichiatriche, viale Morgagni85, 50134 Firenze.Fax ( + 39) 055-4222.599 Disturbi dell'umore La tabella I mostra i tassi di prevalenza dei disturbi depressivi «pre-DSM-III», dove si possono rilevare le consistenti differenze tra gli studi che hanno utilizzato registri medici rispetto a quelli che si sono basati su indagini di comunita, sostanziando cosi il concetto di iceberg della depressione.Le tabelle II, III e IV riassumono i valori riportati dagli studi di popolazione che hanno utilizzato criteri diagnostici operazionali. Considerando la variabilita intrinseca agli studi epidemiologici si pu6 notare una sostanziale omogeneita di risultati, almeno nei Paesi di cultura occidentale (Canada, Nuova Zelanda, Monaco, Parigi, Firenze), con valori medi di prevalenza lievemente piu bassi negli Stati Uniti. Rilevanti differenze si notano invece tra luoghi di cultura differente: valori massimi a Beirut, dove lo studio e stato effettuato durante il periodo bellico, e minimi a Taiwan. SulPorigine di tali differenze si possono fare diverse ipotesi, soprattutto relative ai diversi substrati socio-storico-culturali dei Paesi, ma studi piu approfonditi sono necessari per stabilire con piu sicurezza la validita delle stesse.Gli altissimi tassi di prevalenza dei disturbi dell'umore registrati negli ultimi anni inducono a prendere in considerazione alcuni problemi nosografici. Nonostante che le recenti classificazioni stabiliscano criteri piu rigorosi nella definizione della depressione maggiore, il dub...

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Christchurch Psychiatric Epidemiology Study, Part I: Methodology and Lifetime Prevalence for Specific Psychiatric Disorders

Cited by 266 publications

References 28 publications

The Prevalence and Correlates of Nonaffective Psychosis in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)

The Prevalence and Correlates of Nonaffective Psychosis in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)

Prevalence and Incidence Studies of Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Ansia e depressione nella popolazione generale

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