Chromatin fibers: from classical descriptions to modern interpretation

Kuznetsova, Maria A.; Sheval, Eugene V.

doi:10.1002/cbin.10672

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…fibers (Fig. 5a ), which may be referred to as ‘interphase chromonemata’, as discussed elsewhere [ 16 ]. Electron microscopy allowed for the detection of three stages of prophase chromosome condensation, the earliest of which was not possible to detect using light microscopy, and will be referred to here as ‘preprophase’.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of chromosomes condensing during prophase and decondensing during telophase allowed for the description of additional fibrillar intermediates of chromatin folding: a 100–130 nm chromonema fiber and a 200–250 nm fiber [ 16 ]. Chromonemata were visualized in the partially decondensed chromosomes of prophase and telophase cells fixed in situ [ 17 – 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visualization of chromosome condensation in plants with large chromosomes

2017

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BackgroundMost data concerning chromosome organization have been acquired from studies of a small number of model organisms, the majority of which are mammals. In plants with large genomes, the chromosomes are significantly larger than the animal chromosomes that have been studied to date, and it is possible that chromosome condensation in such plants was modified during evolution. Here, we analyzed chromosome condensation and decondensation processes in order to find structural mechanisms that allowed for an increase in chromosome size.ResultsWe found that anaphase and telophase chromosomes of plants with large chromosomes (average 2C DNA content exceeded 0.8 pg per chromosome) contained chromatin-free cavities in their axial regions in contrast to well-characterized animal chromosomes, which have high chromatin density in the axial regions. Similar to animal chromosomes, two intermediates of chromatin folding were visible inside condensing (during prophase) and decondensing (during telophase) chromosomes of Nigella damascena: approximately 150 nm chromonemata and approximately 300 nm fibers. The spatial folding of the latter fibers occurs in a fundamentally different way than in animal chromosomes, which leads to the formation of chromosomes with axial chromatin-free cavities.ConclusionDifferent compaction topology, but not the number of compaction levels, allowed for the evolution of increased chromosome size in plants.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-017-1102-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of chromosome condensation in plants with large chromosomes

2017

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“…How more than 2 m of DNA is further compacted in the nucleus of each human cell has been the subject of intense research efforts. Higher order chromatin is likely to be arranged in multiple mixed states (Kuznetsova & Sheval, 2016). Cryo-EM has helped to reveal how one model of chromatin compaction, the '30 nm fibre', may occur.…”

Section: Using Cryo-em To Image Higher Order Chromatin Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryo-electron microscopy of chromatin biology

Wilson

Costa

2017

Acta Cryst Sect D Struct Biol

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The basic unit of chromatin, the nucleosome core particle (NCP), controls how DNA in eukaryotic cells is compacted, replicated and read. Since its discovery, biochemists have sought to understand how this protein-DNA complex can help to control so many diverse tasks. Recent electron-microscopy (EM) studies on NCP-containing assemblies have helped to describe important chromatin transactions at a molecular level. With the implementation of recent technical advances in single-particle EM, our understanding of how nucleosomes are recognized and read looks to take a leap forward. In this review, the authors highlight recent advances in the architectural understanding of chromatin biology elucidated by EM.

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“…the level of the 10-nm nucleosome fiber, larger folded structures in interphase chromatin are often thought to be artefacts of fixation procedures or exist only in vitro (Kuznetsova and Sheval 2016). Currently, models depicting lessordered chains of zigzagging nucleosomes are considered to be more accurate representations of interphase chromatin (Fussner et al 2011;Grigoryev et al 2016;Bascom and Schlick 2017;Krietenstein et al 2020).…”

Section: Organization Of the Pluripotent Genomementioning

confidence: 99%