Chromatographic and Spectral Study of Arctium Lappa and Arctium Tomentosum Fructus Cultivated in Altai

Abstract

Burdock is an ingredient of official and traditional medicines in different countries, its roots are used for food, biologically active additives, functional nutrition products, fertilizers, etc. A great demand led to the situation when many countries including Russia began the plant’s cultivation. Despite that, the aboveground parts of the plant including its fructus still remain expendable. At the moment, burdock fructus are officially used only in China and Japan. In Russia they are not used and studies of their chemical composition and pharmacological properties are scarce.
 The research showed that fructus of Arctium lappa and A. tomentosum cultivated in Altai using by traditional way of growing, and new of agrotechnics of cultivation contain lignans, hydroxycinamic acid, fatty acids and their derivatives, polysaccharides and anthocyanin’s. The use of a new cultivation technology increased the content of lignans and other BAS by 10–25%. Hydroxycinamic acid is one of the dominant substances in fructus by content, therefore it is possible to standardize raw material according to this parameter. The presence of methyl cis-9, cis-15-octadecadienoate and 11-Eicosenoic acid methyl ester in fructushas been discovered for the first time. Ethyl linoleate and methylfolate or methyl cis-9-octadecenoate are found to be dominant components of fatty acids and their derivatives.
 Additional studies of chemical composition, pharmacological properties, clinical approbation are needed to obtain evidence of the efficiency of burdock fructus utilization for clinical purposes and prevention.