Chromatographic investigations of flavonoid compounds in the leaves and flowers of some species of the genusAlthaea

Antioxidant capacity and antioxidants of strawberry, blackberry, and raspberry leaves

“…The main reason for this disproportion can be the way of extraction. The studied compounds were identified in the previous studies in the extracts prepared usually by using organic solvents as benzene, chloroform (Gudej & Rychlínska 1996;Gudej 2003), acetone (Hukkanen et al 2007), methanol (Gudej & Tomczyk 2004) or ethanol (Venskutonis et al 2007). However, from the nutritional point of Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3, a n = 4, b n = 6); DPPH in mg ascorbic acid/g of dry sample; FRAP in mmol FeSO 4 /l; ORAC in μmol Trolox/g of dry sample; TPC in mg gallic acid/g of dry sample view, we were interested in this study in water extracts in order to mimic the common preparation of herbs infusion.…”

“…A lot of compounds possessing AC were identified in the leaves of strawberry, raspberry, and blackberry as procyanidin B1, epigallocatechin, (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, (-)-epicatechin, astringin, epicatechin-3-gallate, piceid, quercetin-4-glucoside, trans-resveratrol (Mudnic et al 2009), ellagic acid (Gudej & Rychlínska 1996;Gudej & Tomczyk 2004;Skupien & Oszmianski 2004;Hukkanen et al 2007), p-coumaric acid (Gudej 2003;Skupien & Oszmianski 2004;Hukkanen et al 2007), quercetin, kaempferol (Gudej & Rychlínska 1996;Gudej 2003;Gudej & Tomczyk 2004;Skupien & Oszmianski 2004), myricetin (Skupien & Oszmianski 2004), gallic acid, agrimoniin, casuarictin, lambertianin C, potentillin, sanguiin H-10, nobotanin A (Hukkanen et al 2007), ascorbic acid (Wang 1999) (Gudej & Rychlín-ska 1996;Gudej 2003), quercetin-3-o-glucoside, rutin, quercetin glucuronide (Venskutonis et al 2007), and some other phenylethanol derivatives of phenylpropanoid glucosides (Hanhineva et al 2009). However, the contents of these compounds in water extracts and infusions have not been studied sufficiently, as well as their participation in the antioxidant capacities of the respective plants.…”

Effect of topical marshmallow (Althaea officinalis) on atopic dermatitis in children: A pilot double‐blind active‐controlled clinical trial of an in‐silico‐analyzed phytomedicine

“…So far, several phytochemical studies have been performed on Althaea officinalis to isolate and characterize its bioactive constituents. The literature review revealed that a number of coumarin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and some other polyphenolic derivatives have been reported from this plant (Gudej & Bieganowska, 1990; Kumar, Sudhakar, Kapil, & Snigdha, 2016; Rani, Khan, & Ali, 2010; Sendker et al, 2017). Thirty‐three phytochemical constituents were found from Althaea officinalis , including glycine betaine ( 1 ), p‐coumaric acid ( 2 ), caffeic acid ( 3 ), lauric acid ( 4 ), altheacalamene ( 5 ), N‐( E )‐cinnamoyl‐L‐aspartate ( 6 ), kaempferol ( 7 ), N‐( E )‐coumaroyl‐L‐tyrosine ( 8 ), N‐( E )‐coumaroyl‐L‐dopa ( 9 ), N‐( E )‐caffeoyl‐L‐tyrosine ( 10 ), N‐( E )‐caffeoyl‐L‐dopa ( 11 ), 4‐stearylcatechol ( 12 ), altheahexacosanyl lactone ( 13 ), Beta‐sitosterol ( 14 ), lanosterol ( 15 ), dihydrokaempferol 4′‐O‐glucoside ( 16 ), Hypolaetin‐8‐glucoside ( 17 ), isoquercitrin ( 18 ), haploperoside A ( 19 ), altheaecoumaryl glucoside ( 20 ), 8‐O‐(2‐O‐Sulfo‐Beta‐D‐glucopyranoside)‐hypolaetin 4′‐methyl ether ( 21 ), hypolaetin‐8‐O‐ß‐ D ‐(2″‐O‐sulfo)glucopyranoside ( 22 ), 4′‐O‐methylisoscutellarein‐8‐O‐ß‐D‐(3″‐O‐sulfo)‐glucuronopyranoside ( 23 ), theograndin II ( 24 ), 4′‐O‐methylhypolaetin‐8‐O‐ß‐D‐(2″‐O‐sulfo)glucopyranoside ( 25 ), 3′‐O‐sulfate, 8‐O‐Beta‐D‐glucopyranoside‐hypolaetin 4′‐methyl ether ( 26 ), 4′‐O‐methylhypolaetin‐8‐O‐ß‐D‐(3″‐O‐sulfo)glucurono‐pyranoside ( 27 ), tiliroside ( 28 ), hypolaetin‐8‐O‐[Beta‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1 6)‐Beta‐D‐glucopyranoside] ( 29 ), hypolaetin‐8‐O‐ß‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1″4″)‐ß‐D‐glucuronopyranoside ( 30 ), althaeaoctatetracontenoic acid ( 31 ), 5,13‐dihydroxynonacosanyl gadoleate ( 32 ), and β‐D‐glucopyranuronosyl‐(1 → 3)‐α‐D‐galactopyranuronosyl‐(1 → 2)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1 → 4)‐[β‐D‐glucopyranuronosyl‐(1 → 3)]‐α‐D‐galactopyranuronosyl‐(1 → 2)‐L‐rhamnopyranose ( 33 ).…”

“…There are several reports on its topical use for a variety of diseases (Shah et al, 2011). A large number of secondary metabolites such as pectin, starch, di‐saccharide sucrose, mucilage, flavonoids (Hypolaetin‐8‐glucoside, isoquercitrin, kaempferol, caffeic, pcoumaric acid), coumarins, scopoletin, phytosterols, tannins, asparagine, and many amino acids have been found in Althaea officinalis (Gudej & Bieganowska, 1990; Sendker et al, 2017).…”

“…So far, several phytochemical studies have been performed on Althaea officinalis to isolate and characterize its bioactive constituents. The literature review revealed that a number of coumarin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and some other polyphenolic derivatives have been reported from this plant(Gudej & Bieganowska, 1990;Kumar, Sudhakar, Kapil, & Snigdha, 2016; Rani, Khan, & Ali, 2010; Sendker et al, 2017). Thirty-three phytochemical constituents were found from Althaea officinalis, including glycine betaine (1), p-coumaric acid (2), caffeic acid (3), lauric acid (4-glucopyranoside)-hypolaetin 4 0 -methyl ether (21), hypolaetin-8-O-ß-D -(2 00 -O-sulfo)glucopyranoside (22), 4 0 -O-methylisoscutellarein-8-O-ß-D-(3 00 -O-sulfo)-glucuronopyranoside (23), theograndin II (24), 4 0 -O-methylhypolaetin-8-O-ß-D-(2 00 -O-sulfo)glucopyranoside (25), 3 0 -O-sulfate, 8-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside-hypolaetin 4 0 -methyl ether (26), 4 0 -O-methylhypolaetin-8-O-ß-D-(3 00 -O-sulfo)glucurono-pyranoside (27), tiliroside (28), hypolaetin-8-O-[Beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 6)-Beta-D-gluc opyranoside] (29), hypolaetin-8-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 00 4 00 )-ß-D-glu curonopyranoside (30), althaeaoctatetracontenoic acid (31), 5,13-dihyd roxynonacosanyl gadoleate (32), and…”