Chromatography as an analytical tool for selected antibiotic classes: a reappraisal addressed to pharmacokinetic applications

Marzo, A; Bo, Lorenzo Dal

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00282-9

Cited by 109 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…As tetracycline was controllably released into the blood, it was quickly distributed into other tissues and organs within a short time, resulting in a declining drug concentration following peak level at 0.25 h. To our knowledge, it is the first time that a controlled drug release pattern over 36 h from subcutaneously administered SLN has been reported, following studies that observed 6 d of detectable drug levels after s.c. delivery of liposomes reported by Postma et al 28) Figures 5C and D shows that the s.c. delivery of Tet-SLN resulted in a much lower drug distribution in liver and kidney, which maintained only for 2 h. According to literature, tetracycline is widely distributed throughout the body and tissue secretions with relative higher accumulations in the liver and kidney and is excreted mainly via urine. 1,29) In this study, after administration of free drug, tetracycline in lower but detectable concentration (data not shown) was observed in organs including heart, brain, stomach, spleen and lung, whereas comparatively higher drug accumulation in liver and kidney was detected in agreement with previous reports. However, post-injection of Tet-SLN, drug levels in organs including heart, spleen, lung and brain were almost undetectable except liver and kidney, demonstrating that subcutaneous administration of Tet-SLN greatly reduced drug accumulation in organs especially liver and kidney, which can confer to a potential decrease of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.…”

Section: Formulation and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation Of Tetracycline-lsupporting

confidence: 92%

Formulation and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Tetracycline-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Subcutaneous Injection in Mice

Wang

Chen

et al. 2011

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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The tetracyclines are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents which inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. They exhibit activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia and Rickettsiae, as well as spirochetes and some parasites. 1,2) Traditionally tetracyclines have been used for the treatment of a variety of infections including atypical pneumonia, diarrheal diseases, and periodontal diseases.2) Recent years, the additional application besides antimicrobial effects of tetracyclines has been discovered and developed. For example, tetracyclines contribute to the impaired collagen biosynthesis and inhibition of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) indicating their potential use in the treatment of diabetes and osteoarthritis.3,4) However, drug-resistance, a common problem confronted by almost all antibiotics, and side effects accompanied with long-term administration of tetracyclines limit their use in many infectious diseases and other area. 1,2) Sustained-release drug delivery systems are regarded as promising formulations to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety of drugs by delivering them at a rate dictated by the need of the physiological environment over a period of treatment to the site of action. The most often used sustainedrelease drug delivery systems include hydrogels, microspheres, liposomes, micelles, nanoparticles, and nanocrystals. Among the various sustained-release drug delivery systems, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are attracting major attention due to their unique advantages, such as good tolerability, larger scale production, possibility of controlled released targeting, less acute and chronic toxicity, and avoidance of toxic organic solvents. 5,6) So far, a few tetracyclines sustained release formulations such as, microspheres, 7) hydrogel, 8) liposome 9) and fiber 10) have been developed. Although SLN sustained release drug delivery system has many advantages compared to these systems, no tetracycline-loaded SLN has been reported to our knowledge. On the other hand, different routes of administration may result in varying effects on the biodistribution pattern of drug carriers. 5,11) The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution characteristics of drug encapsulated SLN have been well characterized and compared following intravenous (i.v.) injection, [12][13][14] and oral (per os (p.o.)) administration. However, few attempts have been done on the biodistribution of drug encapsulated SLN after subcutaneous (s.c.) administration. 15,16) The aim of this work was to prepare tetracycline-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (Tet-SLN), and to investigate the biodistribution of Tet-SLN after subcutaneous administration in mice. Results and DiscussionConstruction of Ternary Phase Diagrams The prerequisite to obtain a sufficient loading capacity is a sufficiently high solubility of the drug in the lipid melt. Albeit tetracycline is poorly soluble in lipids used in the study, it is soluble in ethanol. Besides, both glyceryl monostearate (GM) and steari...

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Section: Formulation and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation Of Tetracycline-lsupporting

confidence: 92%

Formulation and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Tetracycline-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Subcutaneous Injection in Mice

Wang

Chen

et al. 2011

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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“…They were discovered casually in 1962 and since then are essentially used in the treatment of several infectious diseases (Bertino and Fish, 2000;Fierens, Hillaert and Van Den Bossche, 2000;Marzo and Dal Bo, 2002;Arteseros et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are generally well tolerated, safe and adverse effects vary significantly depending on their physicochemical properties (Mandel, Petri Júnior, 1996;Bertino, Fish, 2000). Majority of them are well absorbed through oral route and have a long half-life, being widely distributed within body tissues and fluids (Marzo, Dal Bo, 2002;Samanidou, Demetriou, Papadoyannis, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative determination of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in pharmaceutical preparations by high performance liquid chromatography

Kassab¹,

Singh²,

Kedor-Hackmam³

et al. 2005

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Farm.

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“…306 These antibiotics can be released to the environment via wastewater from animal housings, 307 causing concern of widespread antibiotic resistant bacteria in the aquatic environment. 308 Antibiotics are not currently covered by existing regulations on water quality but are definitively candidates for future regulation.…”

Section: Sulfasalazinementioning

confidence: 99%

Screening methodologies for the determination of water contaminant residues by compact disk technology

Dobosz¹

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CERTIFICAN:Que el trabajo que presenta Paulina Dobosz, en esta memoria, con el título ResumenLa contaminación de aguas superficiales causada por plaguicidas y productos industriales es actualmente, uno de los grandes problemas medioambientales. Aunque estas sustancias están presentes a niveles muy bajos, tienen efectos perjudiciales en el medio en general y especialmente en humanos. Por este motivo, diferentes instituciones han regulado los niveles de contaminantes en áreas de controlar de la calidad de las aguas, creando listas prioritarias de sustancias peligrosas y tóxicas para el medio ambiente.Actualmente, la monitorización de los contaminantes incluidos en las listas oficiales se realiza mediante técnicas cromatográficas y espectrometría. Estos métodos analíticos están aprobados como técnicas de referencia para la determinación de residuos orgánicos presentes en aguas naturales. A pesar de ser técnicas fiables, reproducibles y sensibles, los métodos cromatográficos no están exentos de inconvenientes. Este tipo de metodologías requiere una instrumentación costosa y una laboriosa preparación de muestra, que hacen que el análisis sea en general complejo.Por ello, el desarrollo de métodos analíticos alternativos que faciliten hacer medidas in-situ a bajo coste y con gran capacidad de trabajo es de gran utilidad. En este sentido, las técnicas inmunoquímicas tienen un gran potencial analítico ya que son en general sensibles y selectivas, se pueden utilizar en el lugar de la toma de muestra y tienen capacidad multianalito.Esta tesis se ha centrado en el desarrollo de un sistema biosensor, basado en la tecnología de disco compacto, para la detección multianalito de diversos contaminantes prioritarios en aguas naturales.Las limitaciones más críticas para el desarrollo de un biosensor multianalito mediante métodos inmunoquímicos son los relacionados con su sensibilidad y selectividad. Por lo tanto, una parte importante de la tesis se ha centrado en la selección de inmunoreactivos, formato y optimización de diferentes parámetros claves del ensayo.Una estrategia utilizada para aumentar la sensibilidad de los ensayos ha consistido en marcar la inmunoreacción con nanopartículas de oro. Para ello, se ha estudiado diferentes tipos (esféricas y cilíndricas) de distinto tamaño y se han comparado sus prestaciones analíticas (relación señal ruido, sensibilidad etc.) También, se han desarrollado inmunoensayos cuantitativos sin necesidad de amplificación de la señal.Por otro lado, se ha desarrollado una aproximación que hemos denominado "inmunocaptura" basada en el uso de nanopartículas de oro como especie de captura de analitos en disolución y que actúa como marcador de la inmunointeracción que tiene lugar en la fase sólida.Finalmente, se han analizado muestras de agua naturales dopadas con distintos niveles de los analitos objeto de estudio para evaluar la utilidad de las metodologías desarrolladas como 8 herramienta de screening masivo en el área medioambiental. Los resultados obtenidos han sido comparados con los obtenidos...

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Chromatography as an analytical tool for selected antibiotic classes: a reappraisal addressed to pharmacokinetic applications

Cited by 109 publications

References 69 publications

Formulation and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Tetracycline-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Subcutaneous Injection in Mice

Formulation and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Tetracycline-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Subcutaneous Injection in Mice

Quantitative determination of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in pharmaceutical preparations by high performance liquid chromatography

Screening methodologies for the determination of water contaminant residues by compact disk technology

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